感染洋桔梗之蕪菁嵌紋病毒之鑑定

Identification of a Turnip Mosaic Virus Isolate Causing Systemic Yellow Spotting on Lisianthus

趙佳鴻( C. H Chao) ； 陳慶忠( C. A Chang) ； 張清安( C. A Chang) ； 陳金枝( C. C Chen)

《植物病理學會刊》 9卷3期 (2000/09) Pp. 115-122

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.200009_9(3).0005

摘要

1997年春季於南投及屏東萬丹、鹽埔等地栽培之洋桔梗發現部份植株矮化、葉片產生黃化圓斑點疑似病毒病害病徵，由罹病植株上分離得到一種長絲狀病毒，大小約775x13nm，經在奎藜3次單斑分離後，回接至健康洋桔梗苗，產生與田間罹病株相同之病徵。所分離之病毒以機械接種方式可感染十字花科之蘿蔔、甘藍、花椰菜之葉片出現系統性黃綠相間嵌紋病徵，於紅藜、奎藜、白莧、紅莧、雞冠花、菜豆及數種煙草則是產生黃褐色壞疸單斑。此病毒可經由桃蚜以非永續型方式傳播。以電子顯微鏡觀察罹病組織之超薄片，可見薄層狀及卷軸狀等圓柱狀內含體散佈於細胞內。罹病葉片粗汁液經 PEC 沉澱及氯化銫等密度離心後可得純化之病毒顆粒。利用 SDS-PAGE 蛋白質電泳分析純化病毒 (turnip mosaic virus) 蘿蔔分離株之抗血清和本研究所分離之洋桔梗病毒株進行血清類緣測定，在SDS- 雙向免疫擴反應 (SDS- immunodiffusion)、間接酵素連結免疫分析 (Indirect ELISA) 及西方轉漬反應 (western blotting) 等試驗中均顯示二者具不可區分之血清類緣關係。綜合上述試驗結果確定造成洋桔梗系統性斑點病徵之病毒應屬蕪菁嵌紋病毒之分離株 (簡稱TuMV-L)，此乃證實 TuMV 可以感染洋桔梗之首次報導。

關鍵字

洋桔梗 ； 蕪菁嵌紋病毒

並列摘要

A disease of Lisianthus (Eustoma russellianum (Don.) Griseb) showing systemic yellow spotting and stunting was found in the central and southern part of Taiwan. Filamentous virus particles about 775 x 13 nm in size were consistently observed from the infected tissue and subsequently proved to be the causal agent of the disease. In the host range test, the virus induced systemic mosaic symptoms on many cruciferous crops including Chinese mustard (Brassica campestris ssp. Chinensis), Chinese white cabbage (B. campestris ssp. Chinese var communis), radish (Raphanus sativas), rape (B.campestris) and mustard (B. juncea), and developed necrotic local lesions on Chenopodium quinoa, C. amaranticolor, Gomphrena globosa and three other Nicotiana species. It was shown transmissible by aphid (Myzus persica) in a nonpersistent manner. Electron microscopic examination of ultrathin sections of infected leaf cells of lisianthus revealed inclusions of laminated aggregates and scrolls in the cytoplasm. Filamentous Particles were also purified from infected leaves of B. juncea by polyethylene precipitation followed by CsCI isopycnic centrifugation. Relative molecular weight of the coat protein subunit of the virus was estimated as 37 kDa. Results of SDS-immunodiffusion, indirect ELISA and Western blotting tests indicated that the virus isolate from lisianthus was serologically indistinguishable from a radish isolate of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) but different from three other potyviruses commonly found in ornamental crops. Based on host reactions, particle and inclusion morphology, transmissibilily by aphid, chemical and physical properties of coat protein and serological properties, the virus causing yellow spotting disease of lisianthus was identified as in isolate of TuMV. This is the first record for lisianthus as a natural host of TuMV.

並列關鍵字

Lisianthus (Eustoma russellianum (Don.) Griseb)；turnip mosaic virus (TuMV)