南方根瘤線蟲對不同西瓜品種感染蔓割病菌的影響

The effects of Meloidogyne incognita on the Infection of Watermelon Cultivars by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum

顏志恒(J.H Yen) ； 陳殿義(D.Y Chen) ； 黃振文(J.W Huang) ； 陳甘澍(K.S Chen) ； 蔡東纂(T.T Tsay)

《植物病理學會刊》 12卷3期 (2003/09) Pp. 157-162

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.200309_12(3).0003

摘要

將西瓜品種包括富寶二路、PI296341、Crimson Sweet、Calhom caar、Charleston、Gralyestoo、Sugar Baby及 Black Diamond的7天幼苗分別種植在每克士壞中含2隻南方根瘤線蟲「Meloidogyne incongnita(Kofoid&White)chitwood」之二齡幼蟲的花盆中，結果各試驗西瓜品種的根瘤指數分別介於1.8至2.6間。進一步又將不同西瓜品種接種103及104(propagules/g dry soil)西瓜蔓割病菌「Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum (E.F.Smith)Snyder &Hansen」時，發現及富寶二號等感病品種的幼苗罹病率大於80%；至於Calhoun Gray、Charleston Gray、PI296341及Crimson等抗病品種的發病率則介於20-40%。以每克土壞中含有2隻南方根瘤線蟲二幼蟲與102(propagules/g dry soil)西瓜蔓割病菌菌量為接種濃度進行交互感染試驗，結果顯示，先接種南方根瘤線蟲後再接種西瓜蔓割病菌、先接種西瓜蔓割菌後再再接種線蟲、及線蟲和西瓜蔓割病菌同時接種等處理，各西瓜品種罹患蔓割病之圖皆較單獨接種蔓割病菌處理者明顯增高，此外抗蔓割病品種PI296341及Calhoun及Calhoun Gay也因為線蟲的複合感染而致罹患蔓割病處理之20%激增80-100%。試驗結果顯示西瓜稙緣植株感染南方根瘤線蟲後，其抗蔓割病的品種會因而喪失抗病特性。

關鍵字

南方根瘤線蟲 ； 西瓜蔓割病菌 ； 複合感染 ； 抗病性

並列摘要

The interaction between Meloidogyne incognita(MI)and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum (FON)in watermelon roots has been conducted in the greenhouse. Root-knot index on different varieties of watermelon were between 1.8and 2.6respectively 45 days after inoculation with2 second juveniles (per gram soil )of MI. Disease incidence of Fusarium wilt on different varieties of watermelon, was from 20to 100%after inoculation with102,103,104 propagules/g dry soil of Fon for 45days .In advanced studies, the disease incidences watermelon seeding(A)inoculated with MI for two weeks ,and then inoculated with FON;(B)inoculated with FON for two weeks, and then inoculate with MI;(C)inoculated with MI and FON simultaneously , were more severe than the seedings inoculated with FON only. The results indicated that Meloidogyne incognita was able to increase the disease incidence of Fusarium wilt of watermelon and also decrease resistant ability of watermelon varieties to Fusarium wilt.

並列關鍵字

Meloidogyne incognita ； Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum ； disese omplex ； resistance