- 期刊
Phenotypic and Genetic Characterization of Novel Strains of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri Which Induce Atypical Symptoms on Citrus Leaves in Taiwan
摘要
將台灣分離之46株柑橘潰瘍病菌(Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri)菌株，在墨西哥萊姆 (Citrus aurantifolia)、葡萄柚(C. paradisi)、柳橙(C. sinensis)及檸檬(C. limon)等四種不同品種之柑橘植株葉片上，分別測試其病原性。依其在四種柑橘植株葉片上所呈現之病徵，可將其分成A、A(上標 f)及A(上標 r)等三種類型之菌株，其中有43(93.5%)株菌株屬於A型菌株，可在測試之四種柑橘植株葉片上，引起裂開突起並具有水浸狀邊緣之典型潰瘍病斑。而其他菌株則分別屬於引起非典型病徵之A(上標 f)及A(上標 r)型菌株；其中A(上標 f)類型菌株XW47，雖然在墨西哥萊姆上可引起裂開突起且具水浸狀邊緣之典型潰瘍病斑，然而在葡萄柚、柳橙與檸檬葉片上，則引起具水浸狀邊緣之扁平壞疽病斑；而A(上標 r)類型菌株XW121及XW16，在測試之四種柑橘葉片上，則會引起不具水浸狀邊緣之木栓化突起小病斑。依據耐鹽性、明膠水解作用、碳素源利用、應用柑橘潰瘍病菌專一性引子對之聚合酵素連鎖反應、重複性序列聚合酵素連鎖反應及lrp基因序列分析等生理、生化及基因特性分析，顯示A(上標 f)及A(上標 r)兩類型菌株係屬於Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri。利用lrp基因序列分析及pthAP7/pthAR2、2/3、4/7或 ERIC1R/ERIC2等引子對之聚合酵素連鎖反應的DNA圖譜，可將A(上標 f)及A(上標 r)菌株與西南亞及美國佛羅里達州所分離到，可引起非典型病徵之A(上標 *)與A(上標 w)菌株區分開。因此山台灣分離到可引起非典型病徵之A(上標 f)與A(上標 r)菌株，為X. axonopodis pv. citri之新特殊菌株，並將其分別命名為Xac-A(上標 f)及Xac-A(上標 r)。
並列摘要
A total of 46 strains of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri isolated from Taiwan were examined for their pathogenicity on leaves of Mexican lime (Citrus aurantifolia), grapefruit (C. paradisi), Liucheng (C. sinensis) and lemon (C. limon). These strains were grouped into three types (A, A(superscript f) and A(superscript r)) based on symptoms induced on leaves of the four citrus species. There were 43 (93.5%) strains belonging to type A which induced typical erumpent canker lesions with watersoaked margin on leaves of all four citrus species. Whereas strains in the other two types A(superscript f) and A(superscript r) caused atypical symptoms on citrus leaves. Strain XW47 in type A(superscript f) which induced typical erumpent canker lesions with watersoaked margin on Mexican lime, but induced flat necrotic lesions with watersoaked margin on grapefruit, Liucheng, and lemon; Strains XW16 and XW121 in type A(superscript r) induced restricted and raised corky lesions with no watersoaked margin on leaves of all the four citrus species. Based on physiological, biochemical and genetic characterizations including NaCl tolerance, hydrolysis of gelatin, oxidation of carbon sources, polymerase chain reactions with primers specific to X. axonopodis pv. citri (Xac), rep-PCR and DNA sequence of leucine-responsive regulatory protein (lrp), strains in types A(superscript f) and A(superscript r) were identified as Xac. These two types of atypical symptoms-inducing Xac strains could be differentiated from two atypical Xac strains A(superscript *) and A(superscript w) isolated from southwest Asia and Florida by lrp sequence assay and amplified DNA profiles of PCR with primer pairs pthAP7/pthAR2, 2/3, 4/7 or ERIC1R/ERIC2. They appeared to be novel strains of Xac. We designated these two types of atypical symptoms-inducing strains as Xac-A(superscript f) type and Xac-A(superscript r) type, respectively.
延伸閱讀
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