Application of Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) for Controlling Anthracnose Disease of Non-heading Chinese Cabbage in Greenhouse

評估溫室中利用acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM)防治小白菜炭疽病

許翠蘭(Tsui-Lan Hsu) ； 鍾文全(Wen-Chuan Chung) ； 鍾文鑫(Wen-Hsin Chung)

《植物病理學會刊》 23卷2期 (2014/06) Pp. 79-98

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.201406_23(2).0001

摘要

本研究於實驗室與溫室環境下，測試acibenzolar-S-methyl(ASM)對小白菜炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum higginsianum)生長影響，並評估ASM對兩種品系小白菜生長、炭疽病發生及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、氧化氫酶(CAT)、過氧化酵素(POD)和苯丙氨酸氨裂解酵素(PAL)等酵素活性之影響。所測兩種品系分別為對小白菜炭疽病菌表現感病之王冠與表現耐性之三鳯2號。於病原菌生長測試結果，顯示於500mg a.i./LASM濃度下可抑制病原菌菌絲的生長。而於小白菜生長上則指出，於每間隔7天或10天施用100mg a.i./LASM2次或3次時，可明顯影響兩種小白菜的生長。於病害防治結果得知，接種炭疽病菌前處理1或10mg a.i./LASM具有降低病害發生的效果，並與克收欣、亞托敏及免賴得等三種殺菌劑之效果無明顯差異。與病害防禦有關酵素測試結果證實，ASM無法明顯誘發兩種小白菜植株內SOD與CAT兩酵素的活性。反之，POD酵素活性可於處理ASM四天後明顯被誘發；而PAL酵素活性則於處理100mg a.i./LASM五天後可被明顯誘發。

關鍵字

炭疽病菌 ； 誘導抗病 ； 超氧化物歧化酶 ； 氧化氫酶 ； 過氧化酵素 ； 苯丙胺酸氨裂解酵素

並列摘要

In laboratory and greenhouse experiments, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) was evaluated for its effect on pathogen growth, plant growth, disease incidence and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) at different time courses in two non-heading Chinese cabbage cultivars, Wang-Guan and San-Feng No.2, susceptible and tolerant to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum higginsianum, respectively. Inhibition of mycelial growth was observed at 500 mg a.i./L ASM. Results of application concentrations (1, 10, or 100 mg a.i./L) and application frequencies (2 and 3 times) at 7 and 10 days after ASM treatment showed significantly reduced the fresh weight along with physiological abnormality at application rate of 100 mg a.i./L in both cultivars. Furthermore, non-heading Chinese cabbage plants pre-treated with ASM at rates of 1 and 10 mg a.i./L before inoculation of the pathogen resulted in significant reduction of disease incidence as compared with the untreated control. The effect was comparable to that of three sprays of fungicideskresoxim-methyl, azoxystrobin and benomyl. ASM at 10 mg a.i./L could provide similar control efficacy as the three fungicides. In addition, the results demonstrated that application of ASM did not significantly induce SOD and CAT activities in both cultivars. POD activities in both cultivars, however, were induced at 4 days after ASM treatments, and PAL activities were induced at 5 days after 100 mg a.i./L ASM treatment.

並列關鍵字

acibenzolar-S-methyl ； Colletotrichum higginsianum ； induced resistance ； SOD ； CAT ； POD ； PAL