某醫專護生實習壓力之評估－初期階段實習

Assessment of Practice Stress among Nursing Students in a Junior College-An Early Stage of Nursing Practice

蘇麗智(L. J. Su) ； 郭憲文(H. W. Kuo)

《護理研究》 1卷2期 (1993/06) Pp. 166-175

https://doi.org/10.7081/NR.199306.0166

摘要

本研究旨在評估某醫專五專部四年級護生在各科護理實習之初期階段，於實習情境所産生的壓力源及焦慮現象，其結果做爲未來輔導學生學習的參攷。
本研究對象全是女性，平均年齡爲19.4歲。以結構性開放式問卷收集護生在實習情境內産生的壓力源，將28項壓力因素以內容分析(content analysis)成五項特質同，包括：人際關系欠佳、學習能力不足、訊息反應能力欠佳、工作環境之壓力及教師要求之壓力。繼以結構性封閉式問卷發出346份，經整理有效問卷得309份（佔全數89.3%）。問卷內容採專家效度並以Cronbach's Alpha測其信度，α值爲0.75，以SAS　PC+/6.04版進行資料統計分析，結果如下：焦慮反應程度越高者，其壓力源之發生頻度及困擾程度也越大。壓力源五項特質之發生頻度與困擾程度之排名一致，以學習能力不足之壓力最大，教師要求之壓力次之，人際關系欠佳最少。自覺別人以負向態度相待佔1003人次，來自護士最多，其態度以冷談最常見，不耐煩次之；教師表現出嚴厲態度；病人及家屬表現出不信任態度。約有54%護生實習具有中等以上焦慮程度。得分較高的焦慮反應以心理症狀多於生理症狀。

關鍵字

護生 ； 初期階段實習 ； 壓力 ； 壓力源 ； 焦慮反應

並列摘要

The objectives of the study were to assess the source of stress and anxiety at an early stage of nursing practice among junior college students. 309 female students, all age 19 years are interviewed by constructed questionnaires, the validity and internal reliability of which were verified by experts. There were five characteristics according to content analysis of 28 stress sources: poor personal relationship, insufficient personal ability, poor ability to respond to information, stress from work environment and stress from instructor’s requirements.
The result indicates the higher the degree of response to anxiety the greater the frequency and intensity of stress. It indicates the same consistency between frequency and intensity of stress sources, ranking as follows: insufficient personal ability, stress from instructor’s requirements, work-environment, poor of response to information, and poor personal relationship. 1,003 times studied subjects were treated negativelr, particularly by the staff nurses. The staff nurses show mostly indifferent and impatient behaviors. The harsh didactics come from the instructors. Lack of confidence is showed by the patients and their relatives. 54% of nursing students reveal a moderate anxiety feeling. In a stress situation, students’ scores on psychological symptoms are higher than physical symptoms.

並列關鍵字

nursing students ； the early stage of nursing practice ； stress ； stressor ； anxiety response