學前兒童住院後的行為改變與母親焦慮程度之相關性探討

A Study of Factors Correlated with Hospitalized Preschool Children's Behavioural Changes and Maternal Anxiety

伍雁鈴(Yen-Ling Wu) ； 毛新春(Hsin-Chun Mao)

《護理研究》 6卷3期 (1998/06) Pp. 231-245

https://doi.org/10.7081/NR.199806.0231

摘要

本研究為相關性研究，研究目的為（l）瞭解病童住院後之行為改變及影響因素，（2）瞭解病童住院後母親之焦慮程度及影響因素，（3）探討病童住院後的行為改變與母親焦慮程度之相關性。研究對象取自二所醫學中心及準醫學中心兒科病房住院學前病童與母親，以病童母親填問卷的方式收集到 135 份有效問卷，就所收集到的資料以SPSS/PC套裝軟體進行百分比、平均值、標準差、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析與皮爾遜積差相關等統計分析。研究結果為：（1）病童住院後的行為改變，在睡眠焦慮方面與住院日數呈正相關，在飲食紊亂方面因住院科別與母親的社經地位不同而有顯著差異。在攻擊行為方面與病童年齡及住院次數呈負相關，因排行、入院方式及母親的教育程度不同而有顯著差異；（2）母親之焦慮程度與病童之住院日數、攻擊行為、冷漠退縮呈正相關；（3）病童住院期間引起母親焦慮因素的擔心程度排序前三位為：擔心孩子疾病的併發症、疾病治療的效果及孩子的飲食問題；母親最不擔心的是自己的健康、社會評價及孩子的退縮行為。研究者同時針對研究結果提出護理上應用的建議，作為兒科護理之參考。

關鍵字

學前兒童 ； 行為改變 ； 焦慮程度

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between behavioural changes in 135 post - hospitalized preschool children and maternal anxiety. The designed structured questionnaire was completed by the mothers of the hospitalized preschool children. The data was analyzed by means, percentage, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation. The findings were: (1) “Anxiety about sleep” was positively correlated with the length of hospitalization, “eating disturbance” was significantly different according to the children’s disease (medical/surgical) and mother’s SES, “aggression toward authority” was negatively correlated with children’s ages and the frequency of hospitalization, and significantly different from birth order, pattern of admission and the education level of the mothers. (2) The degree of mother’s anxiety was positively correlated with the length of the “aggrssion toward authority” and “apathy-withdrawal.” (3) The first three issues that made mothers worry were: the complications of illness, the effects of treatment and eating disturbance. The issues the mothers cared least about were : mother’s own health condition, social approval and children’s regressive behaviour. The study also suggested that nurses should provide mothers with health education information related to children’s illness and diet issues during hospitalization.

並列關鍵字

preschool children ； behavioural changes ； degree of anxiety