青少年癌症患者的住院經驗

The Lived Experience of Adolescent Cancer Patients during Hospitalization

鄭美玲(Mei-Ling Cheng) ； 陳彰惠(Chung-Hey Chen) ； 周汎澔(Fan-Hao Chou)

《護理研究》 8卷1期 (2000/02) Pp. 97-110

https://doi.org/10.7081/NR.200002.0097

摘要

本研究採現象學研究法，目的在瞭解青少年癌症患者於住院期間的生活經驗，利用深度訪談及錄音機爲輔助工具，真實地將六位青少年癌症患者的住院經驗內容轉寫成文字稿，以Collaizzi分析法進行資料的分析與歸納。研究結果發現，青少年癌症患者的住院經驗結構包含兩個經驗範疇：生活處境和成長能量。生活處境爲「哀悼失落」的主題脈絡所貫穿，由身體時空的拘禁、自我概念的威協、不確定的焦慮和情緒的桎梏四個類別所組成。患者面對住院生活處境所衍育的成長能量由「維持控制」的主題脈絡所貫穿，包括維持生活的平衡、完成發展的任務、維護生命的尊嚴三個類別。研究結果呈現青秒年患者在住院的病痛生活中，不放棄自己成長的機會，努力尋找立足點，學習貢獻自己，擴展生命的意義。醫護人員必需正視「住院」對青少年癌症患者可能造成的危機，才能幫助他們扭轉失落的危機爲成長的契機。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 癌症患者 ； 住院經驗 ； 現象學

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of hospitalized adolescent cancer patients. In-depth interviews and tape recording were carried out with all participants and then transcribed. The transcriptions of participants’ descriptions were analyzed by using Colaizzis method of phenomenology. The results of data analysis revealed that two major groups of experiences, namely living situation and growth energy, were induced in the in-hospital experience structure of adolescent cancer patients. Living situation, a central theme in terms of “grieving loss”, was constructed by four categories, including “confinement of body, time, and space”; “threat of self-concept”; “anxiety of uncertainty”; and “locking of emotion”. Growth energy cultivated by the in-hospital living situation was penetrated by a central theme, “maintaining control” including three categories: “keeping balance of life”; “completion of developmental task”; and “holding life esteem”. The results of this study indicated that, though these adolescent cancer patients were “captive” in the limited space of hospital and endured the sufferings of physical distress, they still retained perseverance and aspirations for life and still managed to sustain fragmentary living. Thus, they were able to settle on the point between desperation and hope. Also, they not only seized the opportunity of growth and made efforts to find living footholds from their illness, but also learned how to devote themselves and extended the energy of life. In this process of regaining a sense of control from illness, they reached the goal of growth. The study results may help health care professionals understand this special experience and face up to the crisis which hospitalization might cause to the adolescent cancer patients, so that the crisis of loss can be reverted to the turning point of growth by adolescent cancer patients.

並列關鍵字

adolescent ； cancer patient ； hospitalized experience ； phenomenology

參考文獻

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