選擇不同哺餵方式的孕婦其哺餵母奶態度及社會支持

The Comparison of Breastfeeding Attitude and Social Support among Pregnant Women Choosing Different Feeding Methods

黃寶萱(Pao-Hsuan Huang) ； 陳彰惠(Chung-Huey Chen) ； 王秀紅(Hsiu-Hung Wang)

《護理研究》 8卷4期 (2000/08) Pp. 383-395

https://doi.org/10.7081/NR.200008.0383

摘要

本研究係針對高雄市二家教學醫院中143位懷孕婦女，經結構式問卷調查其選擇之哺餵之式及其在哺餵母奶態度與社會支持方面的差異性。研究工具包括(1)個人屬性調查表，(2)哺餵母奶態度量表，及(3)哺餵母奶社會支持量表；所有人案區分成三組：(1)擬哺餵母奶者，(2)擬混合哺餵者，及(3)擬哺餵配方奶粉者。使用的統計方法包括：因素分析、卡方檢定、多變量變異數分析及區辨分析。研究結果發現本研究對象以選擇混合哺餵者佔最多數(47.6%)，且有65.5%之研究對象在懷孕前已決定其哺餵方式研究變項在三組間的差異方面：母奶組與混合組之配偶教育程度及家庭社經地位顯著高於奶粉組，而母奶組在哺餵母奶態度與社會支持方面皆顯著優於混合組和奶粉組。區辨分析結果顯示：「配偶教育程度」、「餵母奶對生活的干擾」、「餵母奶的不便性」、「資訊與情緒性支持」四變項可有效區別懷孕婦女選擇的哺餵方式。本研究結果可爲提昇母奶哺餵措施提供指引。

關鍵字

哺餵方式 ； 哺餵母奶態度 ； 社會支持

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to compare differences in breastfeeding attitude and social support among pregnant women who chose different feeding methods. Using a structured questionaire, 143 pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy were recruited from 2 teaching hospitals in Kaohsing. According to their plans, all subjects were categoried into three groups: (l) breastfeeding, (2) mixed feeding, and (3) formula feeding. Chi-square test, one-way MANOVA, and discriminant analysis were used to analyze the data. The results indicate that: (l) most women (47.6%) chose to mixedfeed. (2) 65.5% of the women made their decision about feeding method before conception. (3)Significant differences were found among three groups according to husband’s educational level, family socio-economic status, maternal attitude toward breastfeeding, and social support related to breastfeeding. (4) Finally, using discriminant analysis, four variables were identified: “husbands educational level”, “interfering with normal life”, “the inconvenience of breastfeeding”, and “informational and emotional support”. These can significantly discriminate women who choose different feeding methods. The results of the study can contribute to the promotion of breastfeeding.

並列關鍵字

feeding method ； maternal attitude toward breastfeeding ； social support

參考文獻

Aberman, S.,Kirchhoff, K. T.(1985).Infant feeding practices: Mothers` decision making.Journal of Geonatal and Neonatal Nursing.14,394-398.

Alexy, B.,Martin, A. C.(1994).Breastfeeding: Perceived barriers and benefits/enhancers in a rural and urban setting.(Public Health Nursing).

Baranowski, T.,Bee, D. E.,Richardson, C. J.,Brown, J. P.,Guenther, N.,Nader, P. R.(1983).Social support, social influence, ethnicity and the breastfeeding decision.(Social Science and Medicine).

Buxton, K. E.,Gielen, A. C.,Faden, R. R.,Brown, C. H.,Paige, D. M.,Chwalow, A. J.(1991).Women intending to breastfeeding: Predictors of early infant feeding experiences.(American Journal of Preventive Medicine).

Dix, D. N.(1991).Why women decide not to breast-feed.(Birth).