影響學齡前兒童過重相關因素之探討

A Study of Overweight in Preschool Children in Taiwan

張慈桂(Tzu-Kuei Chang) ； 藍忠孚(Chung-Fu Lan) ； 李燕嗚(Yin-Ming Li) ； 王本榮(Pen-Jung Wang)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 23卷6期 (2004/12) Pp. 487-496

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2004-23-06-09

摘要

兒童期的過重及肥胖，容易在成年罹患慢性疾病而影響健康，是目前重要的公共衛生問題。本研究以社區樣本探討學齡前兒童過重情形及其影響因素。方法：本研究資料來自於“家庭社經地位與其學前兒童健康狀況及醫療保健需求之比較分析”計畫，該研究以橫斷性之調查訪視進行，先依台閩地區人口統計中都會區定羲，於91年7月15日至9月底期間，在各不同都會區中收集1191位元3~5歲學齡前兒童為樣本，以面對面訪視其主要照護者為對象，以結構式問卷收集兒童父母背景資料、兒童特性及其身高、體重，依衛生署公告之“兒童及青少年肥胖定義”區分界定其身體質量指數是否過重，並探討影響其過重與否的相關因素。結果：依衛生署公告標準，發現3~5李前兒童樣本遇重的比率高達23.9%。進一步邏輯迴歸分析結果發現，在控制了相關因素後，孩童的居住地區扁“鎭”層級(OR=2.30,95% CI:1.33-3.97)、母親過重(OR=1.90,95% CI:1.34-2.70)、及就讀幼稚園(OR=0.68,95% CI:0.49-0.96)是主要影響學前兒童過重與否的因素。結論：依據研究結果，學前兒童過重的問題，在社區的嚴重性高於已進入幼教機構者，母親過重以及居住於“鎭”層級也是重要的指標。提供作為未來規劃學前教育、進行兒童研究及健康介入計畫的參考。

關鍵字

學前兒童 ； 過重 ； 身體質量指數 ； 父母

並列摘要

Children overweight or obesity affects their adult health and is becoming an increasing public problem. The aims of this study were to explore the main factors which caused preschool children aged at 3 to 5 in Taiwan to be overweight. Method: This data came from the part of a study entitled “A comparative study on the health conditions and health care demands of preschool children of different family socioeconomic status”. The study was a cross-sectional study and was conducted by face-to-face interview with the children＇s caregiver. It contained 1191 samples from different urbanization levels during the 15th, July to the end of September 2002. The urbanization levels were based on the classification in the Taiwan-Fukein Demographic Fact Book from the Ministry of Interior. The subjects were asked to complete a set of questionnaire that included the height, weight, child＇s characteristics and parents＇ background. Children＇s overweight was defined according to the age/sex specified body mass index criteria given by the Department of Health in 2002. Results: The prevalence rate of overweight in preschool children samples was 23.9%. After controlling for the variables of the child＇s characteristics and parents＇ background, we found that living at “Chens” level (OR=2.30, 95%CI:l.33-3.97), mother being overweight (OR=l.90, 95%CI:1.34-2.70) and attending kindergarten(OR=0.68, 95%CI:0.49-0.96) significantly affected the preschool children＇s overweight. Conclusion: According to the result, overweight in preschool children was more common in the group that didn＇t attend the kindergarten and were also significantly correlated with mother being overweight and living at the “Chens” level. The findings here should be helpful in designing an effective formal preschool education and weight control intervention program.

並列關鍵字

preschool children ； overweight ； body mass index ； parents

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