台灣受僱者疲勞的分布狀況與相關因素

Distribution and Correlates of Burnout among Paid Employees in Taiwan

張晏蓉(Yen-Jung Chang) ； 葉婉榆(Wan-Yu Yeh) ； 陳春萬(Chun-Wan Chen) ； 陳秋蓉(Chiou-Jong Chen) ； 石東生(Tung-Sheng Shih) ； 鄭雅文(Ya-Wen Cheng)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 26卷1期 (2007/02) Pp. 75-87

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2007-26-01-09

摘要

目標：了解國內受僱工作者疲勞狀況的社會分布及相關因素。方法：資料源自2004年全國受僱員工調查共計男性8906人，女性6382人。以「哥本哈根疲勞量表」做為測量疲勞的工具，包括「一般疲勞」與「工作相關疲勞」兩個分量表。問卷中也測量其他因素包括工作時數、工作負荷、工作控制感、教育程度、職業等級、家庭照顧負荷等。結果：12.7%的男性與9.1%的女性在調查前一週中工作49小時或以上。在所有年齡層與職等中，女性受僱者的疲勞指數皆顯著高於男性。當依性別分析，我們發現在女性受僱者中，高職等、高教育程度者的疲勞指數高於低職等、低教育程度者。然而在男性受僱者中，疲勞指數並沒有清楚的社會階層分布。複迴歸分析發現，每週工時49小時或以上者、工作心理負荷量較高者、以及家中有六歲以下幼兒或失能老人者，乃是疲勞的高危險族群。另外，45歲以下受僱者的「工作相關疲勞」指數亦顯著高於45歲以上的受僱者。結論：本研究指出受僱者疲勞的高危險群，提供未來職場健康促進策略之方向。

關鍵字

疲勞 ； 工作壓力 ； 哥本哈根疲勞量表 ； 台灣

並列摘要

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the distribution and correlates of burnout among paid employees in Taiwan. Methods: A national survey was conducted in 2004, consisting of 8906 male and 6382 female paid employees. The status of personal burnout and work-related burnout was measured by the Chinese version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (C-CBI). We also assessed work hours, psychological job demands, job control, level of education, employment grade, and family care workloads. Results: 12.7% of men and 9.1% of women reported working ＞ 49 hours in the week prior to the survey. Higher burnout scores occurred in females than in males across all age groups and employment grades. When stratified by gender, females who were better educated and had higher employment grades had higher levels of burnout than females with a lower socioeconomic status. In males, however, there was no apparent social pattern of burnout across socioeconomic categories. Employees who worked hours ≥ 49 hours per week, had jobs that were more psychologically demanding, had children ＜ 6 years of age, or cared for disabled elderly at home, had higher levels of burnout. Younger employees also had higher levels of work-related burnout. Conclusions: This study identified high-risk groups of burnout among paid employees in Taiwan and, as a result, provides directions for improved health promotion strategies in the work place.

並列關鍵字

burnout ； work stress ； Copenhagen Burnout Inventory CBI ； Taiwan

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