台灣中老年男性戒菸因素之探討

目標：吸菸是影響人類健康的最主要危險行為之一。然而至今為止，台灣中老年人之戒菸行為及其相關因素之探討不多。故本研究之目的在探討台灣中老年男性戒菸的預測因子。方法：本研究之資料來源為國民健康局的「台灣地區中老年身心社會生活健康狀況長期追蹤調查研究」。以其補充樣本（50~66歲）2,462人中，於1996年吸菸的男性673人中，2003年完成訪談，且資料完整者502人為分析對象。以邏吉斯迴歸分析其隨後7年間停止吸菸的預測因子。結果：本研究發現，日常生活活動功能(ADL)變差及首次住院，為台灣中老年男性吸菸者戒菸的主要預測因子。只罹患重大慢性疾病如糖尿病、高血壓、心臟病等，仍不足以預測戒菸。此外，較高齡及有婚姻伴侶與戒菸行為呈正關聯，而高菸齡及高吸菸量與戒菸行為呈負關聯。結論：本研究為國內首次以長期追蹤調查資料探討中老年人戒菸的預測因子。結果顯示擔心健康(health concern)為戒菸的主要動機，而行動功能惡化或重大健康事故如住院為中老年男性戒菸的主要預測因子。本研究的結果可供有關單位研擬台灣中老年人有效戒菸介入政策之參考。

關鍵字

戒菸；中老年；行動功能；預測因子

並列摘要

Objectives: Smoking is a major risk factor for several diseases; however, the predictors of smoking cessation in older male Taiwanese have not been studied very well. The objective of this study was to determine these predictors. Methods: The study analyzed the 1996 and 2003 databases of the ”Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan”. Subjects were 673 50 to 66 year-old male smokers sampled in the second cohort (2462 persons) in 1996. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the associations among socio-demographic, lifestyle and health-related variables and the changes in these variables which occurred between baseline and the endpoint (2003) of the study for those who stopped smoking. Results: The study found that physical functional decline was the major predictor of smoking cessation. Major medical events such as a first hospitalization were also associated with an increased likelihood of smoking cessation; however, the new diagnosis of a major chronic disease such heart disease, diabetes or hypertension was not. The study also found that older age and being married were associated with an increased likelihood of smoking cessation, whereas a longer smoking history and greater daily cigarette consumption were associated with a reduced likelihood of stopping. Conclusions: Results suggested that concerns over health particularly a major medical event such as functional impairment or a first hospitalization were the major predictors of smoking cessation in older male Taiwanese smokers. These findings may be useful for public health planners in designing more effective smoking cessation programs.

並列關鍵字

Smoking cessation ； Older adults ； Functional activity ； Predictor

參考文獻

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