Acute toxicity due to xylene ingestion is rare. There have lnly been three cases reported, all of which were diagnosed after autopsy, and only forensic data were provided. We report on a homicidal case of xylene ingestion, and confirmed that xylenes were present in the patient’s blood and urine by gas chroma-tography/mass spectrometry. We developed a better method to identify and measure the concentrations of xylenes in biological samples. Our case provides additional clinical about toxicity due to xylene ingestion. We also with to present this case to remind physicians that a particular body odor could be a clue for diagnosing organic solvent intoxication in critically ill patients.