救護技術員面對疑似愛滋病生物檢體的態度、認知反應與相關知識程度之探討

Knowledge, Concerns, and Practices of Emergency Medical Technicians When Confronted with Suspected HIV-Positive Biological Specimens

阮祺文(Chi-Wen Juan) ； 伍福生(Francis Fu Sheng Wu) ； 胡文森(Wen-Tsun Hu) ； 高文智(Wen-Zhi Gao) ； 張玉君(Yu-Jun Ghang) ； Robert Siebers

《中華民國急救加護醫學會雜誌》 14卷4期 (2003/12) Pp. 139-145

https://doi.org/10.30018/JECCM.200312.0001

摘要

本研究目的旨在瞭解彰化縣救護技術員面對各種生物檢體的認知和反應、態度及是否具有備足夠的愛滋病相關防護知識，總共296份有效意問卷，經由電腦統計分析處理，我們發現296位救護技術員對愛滋病相關知識的平均得分是72.40±18.17（分數範圍15.38至100分），得分的高低和救護技術員的學歷背景、救護工作年資并無統計上的明顯相關差异，倒是對於沸騰、漂白水、肥皂、洋凍或清洁劑等方法在體外是否可以毀滅殺死人類免疫不全病毒，其平均得分是49.76±26.91分（分數範圍20.0至100分），明顯偏低，顯示救護技術員在這方面的愛滋病相關知識是有待加強，有高達49位救護技術員（占16.6%，P=0.021），因恐怖在工作上會感染到人類免疫不全病毒而想离職，肯有統計上的明顯意義，中外皆然。由于救護技術員缺乏相關愛滋病的防護知識，進而心生恐怖而想离職，因此若能給予完善的愛滋病相關知識訓練，將是降低他們恐怖與排斥愛滋病患的最佳法寶。

關鍵字

救護技術員 ； 愛滋病 ； 人類免疫不全病毒 ； 認知

並列摘要

The aim of this survey was to determine AID S/HI V knowledge, concerns, and practices of emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in Changhua County in west-central Taiwan in regard to handing HIV-positive biological specimens. An anonymous questionnaire concerning their knowledge, concerns, and practices was distributed to 296 EMTs in Changhua County. All (100%) questionnaires were returned completed, and results were entered into a computer database and analyzed by chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U-test (SPSS 10.1 for Windows). The average total score for HI V/AIDS knowledge about various biological specimens in which HIV has been detected was 72.4%±18.2% (ranges 15.4% to 100%), with no statistically significant differences in regard to educational background or years of clinical work experience. There were deficiencies in HI V/AIDS knowledge concerning the presence of HIV in various biological samples, the destruction of HIV outside the body, and risk categories of HIV transmission. Forty-nine respondents were seriously considering leaving their job because of concern about acquiring HI V/AIDS in their work environment (p=0.021). The results of this study reveal that concerns of central Taiwan EMTs regarding handling of HI V-positive biological specimens are related to deficiencies in HI V/AIDS knowledge and many are considering leaving their job because of fear of contracting HIV or AIDS through contact with biological specimens. Continuous educational programs would be desirable to improve the knowledge of EMTs.

並列關鍵字

emergency medical technicians ； AIDS ； HIV ； knowledge