Genetic Diversity of Filamentous Cyanobacteria from Shore Regions of Okinawa

Shoichiro Suda ； Rui Moriya ； Shinpei Sumimoto ； Osamu Ohno ； Kiyotake Suenaga

《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》 21卷特刊 (2013/12) Pp. 175-180

https://doi.org/10.6119/JMST-013-1220-7

並列摘要

Benthic marine cyanobacteria are ubiquitous oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria and they form major components of various communities, including epiphytic, epilithic and microbial mats, in coral reef environments. Filamentous groups may form almost monospecific macroscopic colonies, and sometimes make potentially harmful algal blooms (HABs). HABs bring serious problems for marine tourism but marine filamentous cyanobacteria are good resource for drug discovery. However, cultivation and identification of such filamentous cyanobacteria are difficult and there are taxonomic confusions. In this study, we investigate 17 samples from coral reef area of 10 localities in Okinawa. Macroscopic mats or cushions of filamentous cyanobacteria were collected. The samples were divided into three parts: (1) for morphological observation, (2) for molecular work, and (3) cultivation for further study. Dominant cyanobacteira of each sample identified morphologically as Anabaena, Hydrocoleum, Lyngbya, Oscillatoria, Phormidium, Schizothrix and Symploca. Molecular results of partial 16S rDNA sequences revealed six groups that composed of heterocystous group, Leptolyngbya group, Symploca group, Moorea group, Oscillatoria group and unknown group, respectively. Some samples corroborated between morphology and molecular results but some were not. In addition, four out of six groups closely related with natural product producers. These results suggest that there are high biodiversity of marine benthic filamentous cyanobacteria in Okinawa that may become seeds of HABs as well as providing promising resources for drug discovery.

並列關鍵字

biological active substances ； genetic diversity ； marine filamentous cyanobacteria ； molecular phylogeny

參考文獻

Ahern, K. S., Ahern, C. R., and Udy, J. W., “In situ field experiment shows Lyngbya majuscula (cyanobacterium) growth stimulated by added iron, phosphorous and nitrogen,” Harmful Algae, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 389- 404 (2008).

Altschul, S. F., Madden, T. L., Schäffer, A. A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Miller, W., and Lipman, D. J., “Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs,” Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 25, No. 17, pp. 3389-3402 (1997).

Anderson, D. M., Glibert, P. M., and Burkholder, J. M., “Harmful algal blooms and eutrophication: nutrient sources, composition, and consequences,” Estuaries and Coasts, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 704-726 (2002).

Arthur, K. E., Limpus, C. J., Roelfsema, C. M., Udy, J. W., and Shaw, G. R., “A bloom of Lyngbya majuscula in Shoalwater Bay, Queensland, Australia: an important feeding ground for the green turtle (Chelonia mydas),” Harmful Algae, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 251-265 (2005).

Capper, A., Tibbetts, I. R., O’Neil, J. M., and Shaw, G. R., “Feeding preference and deterrence in fabbitfish Siganus fuscesces for the cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula in Moreton Bay, south-east Queensland, Australia,” Journal of Fish Biology, Vol. 68, No. 5, pp. 1589-1609 (2006).