義和團時期的教友與教友點－以直隸為研究範圍

本文主要以《拳時北京教友致命》、《獻縣教區義勇列傳》、《拳禍記》下編等資料為基礎，敘述義和團運動時，直隸教友及教友點的狀況。綜合這些資料後可知，在此期間中小型的教友點都被破壞，教友被迫逃難，有的未逃教友死在家中，有的逃難教友死在途中，有的教友背教以求生存。多數倖存教友是托庇於結寨自保的大型教友點，在三十餘個此類大型教友點中，可以看出教友主動或被動與義和團相抗的狀況。也可看出攻擊教友保寨的義和團，多半來自附近同縣，至多隔縣的範圍。藉由整合各教友點狀況，可整理出更清晰義和團時期直隸教友之輪廓，並可做為理解華北各省同時期教友狀況的參考。

關鍵字

義和團；天主教；中國天主教史

並列摘要

Based upon 《The Fatal Attack on Catholics in Beijing during the Boxers' Movement拳時北京教友致命》、《The Anecdotes of Courageous Catholics in Xian County Diocese獻縣教區義勇列傳》、《The Adversity of the Boxers' Movement拳禍記》, this paper examines the situation of Catholics and their shelters in Zhi Li City during the Boxer's Movement. The above-mentioned documents disclose the fact that the small to medium-sized Catholic gathering places were attacked, which forced the Catholics to break away from the church. Some Catholics fled away from home, those who failed to escape, died at home, some of them collapsed on the way, and still others betrayed their faith in order to survive. Most of the surviving Catholics found shelter in well-founded protective establishments. Among some 30 such locations, Catholics confronted the boxers, either actively or passively. Also noteworthy is that the Boxers who attacked the establishments of the Catholics mostly came from the same county or neighboring areas. An analytical study on the situation of different Catholic shelters helps to outline the situation of the Catholics in Zhi Li during the Boxers' Movement, which can serves as a cross reference for the various other provinces in the North of China during the same time.