探討不同的工作時數與工作薪資對體適能、睡眠品質及生活品質的影響－以大台北地區工作者為例

The working hours and wages to the impact of physical fitness, sleep quality and life quality-in the worker of Taipei city

郭堉圻(Yu-Chi Kuo) ； 王仁敏(Jen-Min Wang)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 27卷1期 (2020/01) Pp. 9-18

摘要

目的：本研究目的是探討工作時數與工作薪資對大台北地區工作者的體適能、睡眠品質及生活品質之影響。方法：採橫斷式研究，以方便取樣之對象為20－50歳，在大台北地區固定工作一年以上者，共計100名。問卷收集基本資料、匹茲堡睡眠質量（Pittsburgh sleep quality index, PSQI）及生活品質台灣簡明版（WHOQOL-BREF），體適能檢測（體脂率、肌耐力、柔軟度及心肺適能）。以工作時間分為2組，工作薪資分為2組。經描述性統計分析後，採用spearman及SEM結構方程模型建構分析其相關性。結果：研究對象（n=100），平均年齡35.69±0.81，男性（59%），女性（41%）；大學以上教育程度佔最多（75%）；職業類別以服務業佔最多（45%）；工作時數高者（56%）；工作薪資高者（52%）。相關分析發現工作時數與工作薪資呈顯著負相關（r=-.247，p＜.05）；工作時數與年運動次數呈顯著負相關（r=-.267，p＜.01）；與體脂率呈顯著正相關（r=.220，p＜.05）；與心肺耐力呈顯著負相關（r=-.223，p＜.05）。工作薪資與年運動次數呈顯著正相關（r=.279，p＜.01）；對生活品質呈顯著正相關（r=.400，p＜.01）。SEM結構模型分析，工作薪資與生活品質呈顯著正相關（factor loadings=-.41, p＜.01），解釋力18%。結論：本研究結果發現一般勞工普遍處於高工時低薪資的情況下，除影響勞工們的權益，亦為影響其生理與心理指標的重要因素。唯有養成規律的運動習慣，方有益於體適能、生活品質及改善睡眠品質。

關鍵字

工作時數 ； 薪資 ； 體適能 ； 生活品質

並列摘要

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation physical fitness, sleep quality and life quality to working hours and wages in the worker of Taipei city. Methods: The study subjects were 100 aged 20 to 50 years, with a regular job more than one year in the Taipei city. The survey include Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Taiwan Concise Edition questionnaire, physical fitness (Body fat, muscular endurance, softness and cardio-respiratory fitness). The working hours are divided into 2 groups, and the wages is divided into 2 groups. After analyzing the correlation descriptive statistical analysis, using spearman and structural equation model(SEM) construction. Results: The study subjects (n=100) average age was 35.69 ± 0.81, male (59%), female (41%); college education level accounted for the most (75%); the occupational category accounted for the most in the service industry (45%) ; high working hours (56%); high wages (52%). Correlation analysis found that working hours were significantly negatively correlated with wages (r=-. 247, p＜.05); working hours were significantly negatively correlated with annual exercise times (r=-. 267, p＜.01); Significantly positive correlation with body fat rate (r= .220, p＜.05); significant negative correlation with cardio-respiratory fitness (r=-. 223, p＜.05). There was a significant positive correlation between wages and annual exercise (r= .279, p＜.01); a significant positive correlation with life quality (r= .400, p＜.01). SEM analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between wages and life quality (factor loadings=-. 41, p＜.01), and the square multiple correlation was 18%. Conclusion: General laborers are generally in a state of low wages at high working hours, which directly affects the physical and psychological aspects. Only by developing regular exercise habits can it be beneficial to physical fitness, life quality, and improvement of sleep quality.

並列關鍵字

working hours ； wages ； physical fitness ； life quality