感性、表象與崇高

當代文化雖以拼湊的感性內容滿足人的欲望，但也在藝術中顯示崇高的向度。本文首先分析李歐塔對崇高的解析，指出當代藝術中感性與概念、呈現與不可呈現之問的差距，惜李歐塔只停留於平面的崇高。相形之下，康德則有見於垂直的崇高，表現在人面對無限而起的敬畏之情。然而，兩者皆只見表象的負面限制，無視於其揭露性與創造性。本文融合對心理分析和胡塞爾、海德格、雷味納斯等人現象學的詮釋，並返回現代性來臨之前的中世紀汲取泉源，指出表象的揭露與創造，顯示人終需透過定在以顯光明。至於崇高則是直指超越表象的真實本身，是人嚮往終極他者的動態指向。本文試圖舖陳從身體的意義動力，到社會層面的意義共建，到企向無窮的終極他者的意義之旅。

關鍵字

感性；身體；表象；崇高；意義；終極他者

並列摘要

Under the impact of globalization, today's cultural production tends to provoke human desires and pretends to satisfy them with various mixtures of sensible contents and artistic ”bricolage”. Yet, on its deeper layer, we see also a sense of sublime in today's artistic creation. We will analyze the idea of sublime first by a critical review of Jean-Francois Lyotard's post-modern reading of Kant's Analytics of the Sublime, which shows the unconquerable distance between sensibility and concept, presentation and the un-presentable. Unfortunately Lyotard's idea of sublime could be at its best seen only as a horizontal sublime. By contrast, in Kant, we find a vertical sublime in his analysis of the ”dynamic sublime” in human awesome feeling when facing the dimension of infinity. Both Lyotard's horizontal sublime and Kant's vertical sublime put their emphasis on the limit of representations, all in neglecting representations' revealing and creative functions. This paper is based on its author's interpretation of Freudian psychoanalysis and the phenomenology of Husserl, Heidegger and Levinas, all in drawing resources from the Aristotelian and Mediaeval philosophy before the arrival of modernity. The main idea is to show the inevitable use of representations and their revealing and creative functions, exemplifying thereby the dynamism of human mind towards enlightenment by realizing itself in finite and definite forms of existence. The sense of sublime is seen here as a dynamic human response to the invitation of Reality Itself and, moreover, the Ultimate Other, though hidden and unfathomable, to go beyond all representations and all forms of realization. We will try to lay out very schematically the journey of meaningfulness starting from the primitive meaning-dynamism on the level of body, which is to be mediated by meaning co-construction on the social level, till its fuller unfolding in an intimate relation with the unfathomable Ultimate Other.