目標難度及成就動機對大專男生目標接受之影響

The Effects of Goal Difficulty and Achievement Motivation on College Students' Goal Acceptance

蔡秋豪(Chiou-Haur Tsay) ； 鍾保明( Bao-MIng Jong)

《體育學報》 20期 (1995/12) Pp. 25-35

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0020.199512.4003

摘要

本研究目的是依據Locke et al.(1981)所提出之目標接受論點，以調查不同成就動機之大專男生，對不同難度目標之接受過程，幷以此探討影響其運動表現之潜在因素。受試者爲大仁藥專男生(N=40)，幷依目標難度（困難目標、容易目標）及成就動機（高成就動機、低成就動機）隨機分派至各實驗組等四組(n=10)。結果顯示：
一、受試者于各實驗階段（共有四個階段）之目標接受方面，容易目標組的受試者顯著高于困難目標組，高成就動機組亦顯著高于低成就動機組，而兩種實驗處理（目標難度及成就動機）在各實驗階段對受試者的目標接受亦產生交互作用影響。
二、各階段目標接受隨著練習次數增加而提高，呈現出動態之變化，幷且，此結果與Locke et al.(1981)所提出的見解極爲相近。根據Locke et al.(1981)目標接受論點，研究者認爲：敎師于體育敎學過程中，應先測量學生目標接受程度，以瞭解學生對分派目標之感覺，因而間接提高學生運動表現。

關鍵字

運動心理學 ； 目標設定 ； 成就動機

並列摘要

Locke et al. (1981)proposed the Goal Acceptance Theory. According to this theory, this study was designed to investigate how junior college male students with different achievement motivation set their goal acceptance, and through that to explore the inner potential factors which influence their sports' performance. The subjects were forty male students from Ta-Jen College of Pharmacy. They were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: difficult goal, easy goal, high achievement motivation, and low achievement motivation. There were ten subjects for each group. The results show:
First: Subjects' goal acceptance among the easy goal group was higher than that of the difficult goal group. Subjects' goal acceptance among the high achievement motivation group was higher than that of the low achievement motivation group. There was significant interaction among these four experimental groups, too.
Second: With subjects' increasing times of practice, the degree of goal acceptance in each experimental stage was actively and positively increased. The study results were similar to the ideas of Locke et al. (1981).
Based on the Goal Acceptance Theory(Locke et al., (1981), the researcher recommends that Physical Education teachers should measure students' degree of goal acceptance first in order to understand their feelings about teacher's assigned goal, and then through that to increase students' sports performance.

並列關鍵字

Sports psychology ； Goal setting ； Achievement motivation