排球運動員注意力因素之研究

The Research of Attentional Factors on Volleyball Athletes

吳高讚(Kao-Tsan Wu)

《體育學報》 23期 (1997/09) Pp. 311-322

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0023.199709.3127

摘要

本研究的目的有三：一、了解注意力的因素。二、探討不同性別、成就及類別運動員在注意力因素上的差異及區別力。三、探討注意力因素與焦慮、視覺掃描兩者間之關係。本研究採用量表調查法，以八十四、八十五學年度大專院校排球聯賽之各學校代表隊員為受試對象，並以排球競賽注意力經驗調查表、排球注意力量表、競技狀態焦慮量表、運動競技焦慮量表及方格專注測驗為蒐集資料的工具，調查結果以因素分析、t考驗，區別分析、典型相關及Pearson的積差相關等統計方法加以考驗，獲致如下結論：
一、排球注意力量表包含宽廣因素、負荷因素、專注因素及選擇因素等四個因素。
二、男生在寬廣因素及選擇因素上顯著高於女生，並以寬廣因素及選擇因素在男女生間最具區別力。國家級運動員在寬廣因素、選擇因素、專注因素及負荷因素上顯著高於學校級運動員，並以寬廣因素及負荷因素在國家級與學校級運動員間最具區別力。快攻手在寬廣因素上顯著高於長攻手，並以寬廣因素及選擇因素在快攻手與長攻手間最具區別力。
三、注意力因素與認知性焦慮、身體性焦慮、運動競技焦慮達到顯著的負相關，與自信心達到顯著的正相關。其中以自信心及運動競技焦慮對負荷因素的影響最大。
四、注意力因素與視覺掃描之相關沒有達到顯著水準。

關鍵字

注意力 ； 焦慮

並列摘要

The purposes of this research are the following three: 1. to understand factors of attention. 2. to discuss the difference and discrimination that athletes of different sexes, achievement and types have on attentional factors. 3. to discuss the relationship between attentional factors and anxiety, visual scanning respectively. This study adopts inventory investigation method. The investigation subjects are representatives of schools from college volleyball games in 1995 and 1996. The instruments for gathering data are volleyball game attentional experience survey, volleyball attentional inventery, competitive state anxiety inventory, sport competition anxiety test and grid concentration test. The investigation results are tesified by the following statistical methods: factor analysis, t-test, discriminant analysis, canonical correlation and Pearson's product-moment correlation, And we come to the conclusions as following:
1. Volleyball attentional inventory includes broad factor, loading factor, concentrative factor and selective factor.
2. Males are significantly higher than females in broad factor and selective factor, and these two factors are the most discriminant between two sexes. National-level athletes are significantly higher than school-level athletes in concentrative factor, selective factor, broad factor and loading factor. And the latter two are the most discriminant between national and school athletes, quick-attackers are significantly higher than long-distance attackers in broad factor. Broad factor and selective factor are the most discriminant between quick attackers and long-distance attackers.
3. Attentional factors lead to significant negative-correlation with cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and sport competitive anxiety. They lead to significant positive-correlation with self-confidence. Self-confidence and sport competitive anxiety have the greatest influence upon loading factor.
4. Attentional factors and visual scanning do not result in significant correlation.

並列關鍵字

attention ； anxiety