This study examined the relationship between goal orientation and moderate-to- vigorous physical activity in school children. Subjects, including 935 fifth and sixth grade school children in Pingtung area, completed the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ) and 3-day physical activity records. The 3-day physical activity records were transformed into estimated energy expenditure. The results showed that more task-and ego-oriented children are more active. However, the associations between four groups of goal orientation (i.e., low ego/low task, high ego/ low task, low ego/high task, and high ego/high task orientation) and moderate-to- vigorous physical activity vary with different sex, grade and racial groups.