無意識歷程對身體活動行為的影響

Unconscious processes affect physical activity behavior

黃耀宗(Yao-Chung Huang)

《中華體育季刊》 31卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 57-63

https://doi.org/10.3966/102473002017033101008

摘要

意識下的信念或意圖是過去三、四十年最常用來解釋、預測或改變身體活動行為的構念。本文回顧過去研究發現，意圖或意圖的改變無法有效解釋身體活動行為，從無意識的身體活動內隱態度及習慣，可增加對身體活動的解釋變異量，及提升身體活動量。最後，在實際促進身體活動的介入及研究提出相關建議。

關鍵字

意圖 ； 習慣 ； 內隱態度 ； 二元系統 ； 執行意圖

並列摘要

Construct of belief or intention in conscious was widely used in explaining, predicting, and changing physical activity behavior in the past three or four decades. This review paper found that intention (changes) could not explain physical activity behavior effectively. Nonconscious physical activity implicit attitude and habit could add explained variance in physical activity and increased physical activity levels. In final, practical applications in promoting physical activity and future researches were also suggested.

並列關鍵字

intention ； habit ； implicit attitudes ； dual systems ； implementation intentions

參考文獻

Bargh, J. A.,Schwader, K. L.,Hailey, S. E.,Dyer, R. L.,Boothby, E. J.(2012).Automaticity in social-cognitive processes.Trends in Cognitive Science.16(12),593-605.

Blanton, H.,Jaccard, J.(2015).Not So Fast: Ten Challenges to Importing Implicit Attitude Measures to Media Psychology.Media Psychology.18(3),338-369.

Calitri, R.,Lowe, R.,Eves, F. F.,Bennett, P.(2009).Associations between visualattention, implicit and explicit attitude and behaviour for physical activity.Psychology and Health.24(9),1105-1123.

Cheval, B.,Sarrazin, P.,Isoard-Gautheur, S.,Radel, R.,Friese, M.(2015).Reflective and impulsive processes explain (in) effectiveness of messages promoting physical activity: A randomized controlled trial.Health Psychology.34(1),10-19.

Cheval, B.,Sarrazin, P.,Pelletier, L.(2014).Impulsive approach tendencies towards physical activity and sedentary behaviors, but not reflective intentions, prospectively predict non-exercise activity thermogenesis.PLoS ONE.9(12),e115238.