新型三階個人粉塵採樣器實驗室和現場的測試研究

Laboratory and Field Tests of a Novel 3-Stage Personal Dust Sampler

蔡春進(Chuen-Jinn Tsai) ； 張正生(Cheng-Sheng Chang) ； 陳廉潔(Penny Chen) ； 石東生(Tung-Sheng Shih) ； 湯大同(Da-Toung Tang)

《勞工安全衛生研究季刊》 15卷1期 (2007/03) Pp. 1-16

https://doi.org/10.7005/JOSH.200703.0001

摘要

本研究利用泡綿當做收集板來設計一個新型三階粉塵採樣器，並於實驗室進行校正測試。本採樣器包括一個可以符合ISO/CEN/ACGIH可吸入性採樣規範的圓環型入口，二階可以分別截取胸腔區及可呼吸性粉塵的慣性衝擊器，及收集衝擊器後的可呼吸性粉塵的一個終端濾紙。實驗室的校正結果顯示使用100ppi泡綿為衝擊板，在本採樣器採樣流量為3.2L/min、一倍的噴嘴板－收集板距離(jet-to-plate distance)下，可以符合ISO/CEN/ACGIH的胸腔區及可呼吸性粉塵採樣效率規範，採樣器第一階及第二階慣性衝擊器的截取氣動直徑√Stk50值分別為9.6及4µm，二階的均為0.39。研究亦發現固體微粒收集效率曲線與液體微粒收集效率曲線完全吻合，顯示本研究所使用之泡綿收集板上無固體微粒彈跳的問題。
本研究並於三個不同A、B和C廠的工作場所中同時利用本三階粉塵採樣器、IOSH旋風器、Marple個人採樣器和Respicon採樣器進行可吸入性粉塵、胸腔區粉塵和可呼吸性粉塵濃度的比對測試。結果顯示，本三階採樣器在三種粉塵的採樣結果與Respicon採樣器所採集到的三種粉塵濃度差異不大，其中可吸入性粉塵濃度幾乎沒有差異，胸腔區粉塵濃度和可呼吸性粉塵濃度的差異值皆在22%以下。

關鍵字

個人粉塵採樣器 ； 慣性衝擊器 ； 胸腔區粉塵 ； 可呼吸性粉塵 ； 氣膠採樣

並列摘要

A novel 3-stage personal dust sampler that makes use of PUF as the impactor substrates was designed and calibrated in the laboratory. The sampler includes an annular inlet which matches the ISO/CEN/ACGIH inhalable sampling criteria, two impactor stages to classify thoracic and respirable particles, and a final filter to collect respirable particles after the impactors. The laboratory calibration results show that with 100ppi PUF substrates at the flow rate of 3.2lpm, the collection efficiencies of the thoracic and respirable dusts match the ISO/CEN/ACGIH criteria when the jet-to-plate distance is 1.0. The cut-off aerodynamic diameter is 9.6 and 4.0 m for the first and second impactor stages respectively, and √Stk50 is 0.39 for both stages. It was also found that the collection efficiency of solid particles is equal to that of liquid particles, indicating that there is no solid particle bounce from the PUF substrates.
This paper also compares the inhalable, thoracic, and respirable dust concentrations measured by the present 3-stage personal dust samplers, IOSH cyclones, Marple personal impactors, and Respicon samplers at three different workplaces A, B and C. The concentrations of the three kinds of dust collected by the Respicon sampler were used as the reference. The field results show that there are no significant differences between the 3-stage sampler and the Respicon sampler for sampling the three kinds of dusts, especially for the inhalable dust concentration. For thoracic and respirable dusts, the differences in concentrations between the 3-stage sampler and the Respicon sampler are all under 22%.

並列關鍵字

Personal dust sampler ； Impactor ； Thoracic dust ； Respirable dust ； Aerosol sampling

參考文獻

Aitken R J,Donaldson R(1995).Paper presented at the American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition.Kansas, MO:

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)(1984).Particles Size-Selective Sampling in the Workplace.Annals of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists.23-100.

BRÅTVEIT M,HAALAND IM,MOEN B.,MÅLSNES A(2003).Exposure to Sulfuric Acid in Zinc Production.Ann occup Hyg.48,159-170.

Feather GA,Chen BT(2003).Design and Use of a Setting Chamber for Sampler Evaluation Under Calm-Air Conditions.Aerosol Sci Technol.37,261-270.

Appendix J to Part 50-Reference Method for the Determination of Particulate Matter as PM10 in the Atmosphere