台灣語言治療師執行語音異常評估之現況調查

Assessment Practices Followed by Speech-Language Pathologists for Clients with Suspected Speech Sound Disorder in Taiwan: A Survey Study

張晏寧(Yen-Ning Chang) ； 葉麗莉(Li-Li Yeh)

《台灣復健醫學雜誌》 47卷1期 (2019/06) Pp. 31-47

https://doi.org/10.6315/TJPMR.201906_47(1).0004

摘要

語音異常（Speech sound disorders）是溝通障礙中常見的一種類型，其在語言治療師所服務的溝通障礙個案中，約佔四分之一的比例。基於此類型個案的重要性，本研究乃就目前台灣語言治療師在語音異常評估專業上的發展狀況，以及不同執業條件下的語言治療師在進行語音異常評估上所造成的差別性來探查和討論。本研究以自編問卷調查目前台灣語言治療師在實務上評估語音異常個案的現況，邀請台灣北、中、南、東區之語言治療師抽空匿名填寫，共計回收150份有效樣本，占台灣地區全國語言治療師人總人數之18％。調查主題有：完成語音異常評估所花費時間、語音異常個案的評估項目、所收錄之語音語料的形式與分析時間等臨床執業狀況。結果發現，語言治療師完成語音異常評估的平均花費時間約為54分鐘，遠遠低於澳洲與美國地區語言治療師為語音異常個案所花費的時間，並最常在評估當下即進行雙音節與多音節片語或句子等形式的語音語料轉錄與分析；五種最常使用的語音評估項目分別是家長面談及個案史、構音測驗、口腔機轉檢查、聽力篩檢與可誘發性測驗，並不包含音韻相關能力的評估，其所反映的實務工作特性、限制與需求現況，希望能提供政府部門、醫療院所、聽語學會與聽語系所等相關權責與教育訓練單位參考，以確保語言治療服務與語音異常評估的專業品質。

關鍵字

評估（assessment） ； 語言治療師（speech-language pathologists） ； 語音異常（speech sound disorder） ； 調查研究（survey） ； 台灣（Taiwan）

並列摘要

Speech sound disorder (SSD) is one of the most frequently occurring types of human communication disorders. Approximately one-fourth of the clients of speech-language therapy clinics are diagnosed with SSD by speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Thus, investigating the professional development of SSD assessment by SLPs across various working contexts in Taiwan is important. The present study used a specifically designed questionnaire on SSD assessment. A sample size of 150 SLPs, who comprised 18% of all SLPs in Taiwan (the northern, middle, southern, and eastern regions), were invited to fill in the questionnaire anonymously. The questionnaire contained the following topics: time spent for SSD assessment, tasks adopted for SSD assessment, speech segment collected, the time it takes for analysis. The results showed that the average time spent by SLPs for SSD assessment in Taiwan was 54 min, which is far below the time spent for SSD assessment in the United States and Australia. Most SLPs performed the transcription and analysis of speech samples of two-syllable words and multi-syllable words. The first five tasks for SSD assessment included parent interview, articulation test, oral motor examination, hearing screening, and stimulating test. However, none of the assessments of phonological processing were included. The present survey reflects the current working characteristics, limitations of, and need for SLPs in Taiwan, which may provide the direction for future improvement in professional quality of SLPs and SSD assessment for related governmental departments, medical institutions, hearing and speech-language associations, and higher educational institutions.

並列關鍵字

assessment ； speech-language pathologists ； speech sound disorder ； survey ； Taiwan

參考文獻

簡欣瑜、劉惠美：學前語音異常兒童的讀寫能力發展。特殊教育季刊2015；136：1-9。

林佳儒、張顯達、鍾玉梅：語音異常兒童的語音聽辨與聲韻覺識能力與不同治療方式的關係。台灣聽力語言學會雜誌2013；30：1-19。

王南梅、曾淑芬、盛華：2007年台灣聽語人力資源與願景調查。中華民國聽力語言學會雜誌2008；21：17-53。

王秋鈴、林素貞：台灣地區兒童語言障礙評量現況調查之研究。特殊教育與復健學報2008；19：1-23。

Mullen, R., & Schooling, T. The national outcomes measurement system for pediatric speech-language pathology. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 2010;41:44-60.