應用SPOT衛星影像結合植生指標與地景指數評估墾丁國家公園各景點生態環境壓力

墾丁國家公園地處台灣南隅，三面環海，是國內唯一涵蓋陸地與海域的國家公園，由於其區內蘊藏相當豐富的生物種類及歧異度高的生態體系，早已成為國內著名的觀光景點，而當政府積極推動「觀光客倍增計畫」之時，其重要性更顯得不容忽視，但隨著遊客的增加，墾丁國家公園之生態環境是否遭受巨大的壓力，實為管理單位所必須重視的課題。遙感探測資料與植生指標、地景指數結合，能有效探討植群之動態變遷，因此本研究以不同時期之SPOT衛星影像為材料，結合地理資訊系統之技術與植生指標、地景指數之運算，探討墾丁國家公園陸域範圍內各景點之植群變遷情形，結果顯示當地生態環境確有顯著變化。發展觀光為政府重要的施政目標之一，但唯有確保天然資源的完善才能有效吸引遊客的前往，尤以國家公園尚兼有保護國家特有之自然風景、野生物及史蹟的責任，更必須審慎面對區域內各種生態環境壓力的變化，本研究有效探討墾丁國家公園陸域範圍內不同景點之生態環境壓力變化，深信對於維護區內之天然資源具有一定之助益。

關鍵字

植群生態變遷；地景生態；遊憩壓力

並列摘要

Kenting National Park is located on the most southern part of Taiwan Island by surrounding of water on three sides, and it is the only national park with land area and marine area. Owing to possesses abundant biological resource and high-diversity ecosystem, it became a famous tourist attraction in Taiwan. While the Government is getting ”Double-tourist Plan” in moving, this National Park is as important as can be. But when the tourist increased, the administration office must in view of “whether the biological stress increase or not?” Remote sensing data integrate with vegetation index or landscape index can investigate the vegetation dynamics. So, in this study we use satellite data and GIS technology, vegetation index, landscape index, to study the vegetation dynamics and ecological stress of the scenic spots in Kenting National Park. The results show that the ecological environment of Kenting National Park is actually in variation. Developing tourism is one of the most important policies of the Government. But only the beautiful view can attract the tourist, so we must keep the natural resource in conservation. Besides, protecting natural scenery, wildlife, and vestige is the responsibility of National Park, so to know the ecological stress is indispensable. This research can help us to discuss the ecological stress dynamic of Kenting National Park, and the results will be useful to preserve the natural resource in this area.

並列關鍵字

vegetation dynamics ； landscape ecology ； ecological stress

參考文獻

Antrop, M.(1998).Landscape change: Plan or chaos?.Landscape and Urban Planning.41(3/4),155-161.

Google Scholar

Benedetti, R.,Rossini, P.(1993).On the use of NDVI profiles as a tool for agricultural statistics: The case study of wheat yields estimate and forecast in Emilia-Romagna.Remote Sensing of Environment.45(3),311-326.