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有機磷類藥劑在台灣杉和台灣二葉松木材中吸收量和保留性質及處理木材之耐腐性研究
Absorption and Retention of Organophosphorus Compounds by Taiwania and Taiwan Red Pine Woods and Decay-resistance of Treated Woods
摘要
本試驗應用陶斯松、撲滅松、亞特松、亞培松及大利松等五種有機磷藥劑處理台灣杉及台灣二葉松兩種省產造林木試材。各種藥劑分別配製成1.0%、0.5%及0.1%濃度之水溶液後加以使用。結果顯示藥劑在台灣二葉松試材中之吸收量高於台灣杉試材。模擬風化及浸析（流失）試驗後之試材重量減少率均在10%以下。 五種有機磷藥劑對兩種試材之耐腐性均具有改良效應，其中以亞特松及亞培松兩藥劑之效應值較大。同一藥劑對台灣二葉松材之改良效應較台灣杉材為高。木材之耐腐性改良效應值隨著藥劑濃度之降低而遞減，但遞減率並不大，顯示有機磷藥劑在低劑量情況下即能形成適度之抗菌功能。此外，模擬風化及浸析（流失）處理並未造成改良效應之大幅下降。
並列摘要
In this experiment, 5 organophosphorus compounds, i.e., chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, pirimiphos-methyl, temephos and diazinon, were applied to wood from plantations of Taiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay.) and Taiwan red pine (Pinus taiwanensis Hay.). Each chemical compound was prepared in concentrations of 1.0% 0.5% and 0.1%, respectively, for individual treatments. The absorption amounts of preserving compounds were higher in the wood samples of Taiwan red pine than in the samples of Taiwania. The weight loss percentages after the weathering and leaching tests were observed to be lower than 10% for all wood samples. According to the results of ASTM standard tests, 5 organophosphorus compounds were found to improve the decay-resistance of wood from both plantation species. The solutions of pirimiphos-methyl and temephos resulted in the best improvements of wood. The improvement rate was higher for wood samples of Taiwan red pine than for Taiwania treated with the same compound at the same concentration. However, even at the low concentration (0.1%), the treating solution showed a fair enhancement in the wood's decay resistance. The weathering and leaching tests of the woods did not produce severe decreases of decay resistance as compared to that of the unweathered wood.