TOPMODEL Simulation of Fushan Watershed No. 2 Discharge

福山二號集水區流出量TOPMODEL之模擬

廖學誠(Shyue-Cherng Liaw) ； Freeman M. Smith ； 夏禹九(Yue-Joe Hsia) ； 金恆鑣(Hen-Biau King) ； 黃正良(Jeen-Lian Hwong)

《台灣林業科學》 14卷3期 (1999/09) Pp. 323-330

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.199909.0323

摘要

過去數十年來，逕流生成機制常被討論，此乃由於逕流生成機制密切影響養分傳輸、生物地質化學及森林生態系功能等。本文主要目的在模擬台灣濕潤森林集水區之逕流路徑，以可變來源區域理論為基礎的水文模式TOPMODEL，模擬福山二號集水區飽和地表逕流及地表下逕流量，利用1995年7-10月水文資料作為模式校正及1996年3-6月水文資料作為模式驗證，並由Rosenbrock最佳化方法求出模式最佳參數組。結果顯示，TOPMODEL可適用於福山二號集水區逕流模擬，其模式有效率分別高達0.89（模式校正）及0.82（模式驗證），此外，福山二號集水區的主要逕流來源是地表下逕流，分別佔模擬逕流總量的85.1%及88.3%。

關鍵字

逕流生成機制 ； TOPMODEL ； 可變來源面積 ； 福山二號集水區

並列摘要

Understanding of streamflow generation processes in response to rainfall has been pursued over the past several decades, because this knowledge is essential for studying nutrient transport, biogeochemical processes, and forest ecosystem functioning. The major objective of this research was to simulate the flow pathways in a humid forested watershed in Taiwan. The hydrological model TOPMODEL, based on the variable-source-area concept of streamflow generation mechanism, was used to predict both amounts of saturation overland flow and subsurface flow in the Fushan watershed no. 2 (94 ha). Two periods were chosen, one each for model calibration (from July to October 1995) and model validation (from March to June 1996). Identification of the optimal parameter set was performed through the Rosenbrock algorithm. Results show that TOPMODEL is suitable for simulating streamflow in the Fushan watershed no. 2. Both model calibration and validation runs, on a daily basis, produced good fits, where model efficiencies were 0.89 and 0.82, respectively. The dominant source of streamflow generation in the study area is subsurface flow that accounts for 85.1% and 88.3% of the total simulated streamflow for the 2 periods, respectively.

並列關鍵字

streamflow generation mechanism ； TOPMODEL ； variable-source-area ； Fushan watershed no. 2