台灣產金狗毛蕨屬配子體及幼孢子體的形態

Morphology of Gametophytes and Young Sporophytes of Cibotium Kaulf. Native to Taiwan

黃曜謀(Yao-Moan Huang) ； 郭巧瑜(Chiao-Yu Kuo) ； 邱文良(Wen-Liang Chiou)

《台灣林業科學》 18卷3期 (2003/09) Pp. 163-170

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200309.0163

摘要

台灣原產之金狗毛蕨屬包含兩物種，分別為泛亞洲分佈型的金狗毛蕨及台灣特有種台灣金狗毛蕨。兩種的每一孢子囊內都有64顆孢子。金狗毛蕨及台灣金狗毛蕨之新鮮孢子發芽率分別為93、100%，經過一年4℃低溫乾儲藏，台灣金狗毛蕨孢子仍維持100%發芽率，而金狗毛蕨孢子發芽率則降至50%。兩物種之孢子發芽為「桫欏型」；配子體發育屬於「鐵線蕨型」及「槲蕨型」；典型配子體呈心臟型，表面光滑無毛，藏精器由5個細胞組成，出現在配子體腹面之翼面及中肋上；藏卵器4-7固細胞長，集中於配子體腹面近分生組織之中肋上；雄配子體、雌配子體及兩性配子體同時出現於8週之培養中；台灣金狗毛蕨及金狗毛蕨的幼孢子體分別在孢子播撒後第12、16週出現，兩者幼孢子體的第一片葉子主要是無中肋型，偶會有單脈或中肋型出現，葉子具單列多細胞毛。

關鍵字

金狗毛蕨 ； 台灣金狗毛蕨 ； 蚌殼蕨科 ； 配子體 ； 幼孢子體

並列摘要

There are 2 species of Cibotium Kaulf. native to Taiwan. Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm is of pan-Asian distribution, and C. taiwanense Kuo is endemic to Taiwan. Both species produce 64 spores per sporangium Germination rates of fresh spores were 93% in C. barometz and 100% in C. taiwanen se. After 1 yr of dry-storage at 4℃, the germination rate of spores remained at 100% for C. taiwanense but decreased to 50% for C. barometz. The pattern of spore germination of both species was ”Cyathea-type”, and the development of their gametophytes exhibited both ”Adiantum-type” and ”Drynaria-type”. Typical gametophytes were heart-shaped, and naked. Antheridia, composed of 5 cells, were produced on the wings and midrib of the ventral side. Archegonia, 4-7cefls long, were produced on the anterior part of the midrib as it approaches the meristem Male,female, and hermaphroditic gametophytes were simultaneously produced by 8wk cultures in both species. Young sporophytes of C. taiwan ense and C. barometz began to appear at 12 and 16 wk, respectively, after spores were sown. The first frond of both species was prominently midrbless, but single-vein or midrib-vein fronds were occasionally observed. Uniseriate-multic ellular hairs were distributed on the whole fronds of both species.

並列關鍵字

Cibotium barometz ； Cibotium taiwanense ； Dicksoniaceae ； gametophyte ； young sporophyte