圖卡兌換溝通系統對改善國小低功能自閉症學生自發性溝通行為類化之成效

The Effect of Picture Exchange Communication System on the Spontaneously Generalized Communication Behaviors for Low-Functioning Children with Autism

林欣怡(Hsin-Yi Lin) ； 楊宗仁(Tsung-Ren Yang)

《特殊教育研究學刊》 29期 (2005/09) Pp. 199-224

https://doi.org/10.6172/BSE200509.2901010

摘要

本研究旨在探討圖卡兌換溝通系統教學對改善國小低功能自閉症兒童自發性溝通行為類化之成效。研究方法採用單一受試跨情境多探試實驗設計，研究對象為兩位低功能自閉症男童，分別為11歲l個月與9歲10個月。自變項為圖卡兌換溝通系統教學，依變項為主動溝通行為。研究地點為研究對象上課的班級教室，每週選取4天進行圖卡兌換溝通及其類化的教學。研究結果如下：
一、本研究的兩位受試在經過三個月的圖卡兌換溝通系統訓練，可以學會圖卡兌換溝通系統的階段一至三。
二、本研究兩位受試在實驗介入後，明顯出現自發性溝通行為。
三、本研究的兩位受試可將習得之溝通技能自動類化至班級教師、家長與一般兒童，但仍需部分介入始能達到穩定的表現。

關鍵字

圖卡兌換溝通系統 ； 自閉症 ； 類化

並列摘要

The aim of this research was to explore the efficacy of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) in improving the spontaneously generalized communication behaviors for the elementary low functioning children with autism. A multiple probe across settings design of single subject research method was adopted. There were two subjects in this research; one was an eleven-year-and-one-month old boy and the other was a nine-year-and-ten-month old boy. The independent variable was the training of PECS, and the dependent variable was the spontaneous communication behaviors. The research was held four days a week and all instructions were videotaped for data analyses. Results indicate that:
l. Two subjects met the successful learning criterion for Phase Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ of PECS after three-month training.
2. During PECS initial training stage, two subjects showed spontaneous communication behavior.
3. During PECS generalization training stage, although both subjects could partially spontaneously communicate with other teachers, generalization training was still required for fully stabilized spontaneous communication.

並列關鍵字

Picture Exchange Communication System ； Autism ； generalization

參考文獻

Alvares, R.,Falor, L.,Smiley, L.(1991).Research on nonlinguistic communication functioning of individuals with severe or profound handicaps.Functional communication: Analyzing the nonlinguistic skills of individuals with severe or profound handicaps.18-37.

Bondy, A.,Frost, L.(1994).The picture exchange communication system.Focus on Autistic Behavior.9(3),1-19.

Bondy, A.,Frost, L.(2001).The picture exchange communication system.Behavior Modification.

Bondy, A.,Frost, L.(2002).The picture exchange communication system training manual.Cherry Hill, NJ:PECS, Inc.

Chariop-Christy, M. H.,Carpenter, M.,Le, L.,Leblang, L. A.,Kellet, K.(2002).Using the picture exchange communication system (PECS) with children with autism: Assessment of PECS acquisition, speech, social-communicative behavior, and problem behavior.Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis.35(3),213-231.