台灣的長期照顧機構中以小型養護機構佔多數,但小型養護機構社工人員在法令或實務面多年來定位模糊,影響到機構社工人員的身份認同和工作意願。本文探討台北市家庭照顧者協會之「小型老人養護機構社工服務方案」之發展歷程,以質性研究方法分析2003年11月至2006年2月共計22次社工員團體督導會議記錄資料,並依據社會認同理論檢視此方案社工員如何發展出專業團體身份認同。研究結果發現社工員在小型老人養護機構中的團體認同是一個尋求「團體區別性」的過程,而協助提供機構住民個人化的照顧服務,就是社工員身份認同的具體展現。社工人員在長期照顧領域最具區別性的角色,就是扮演系統中介者的角色。本研究嘗試與社會認同理論對話,並提出研究建議。
The majority of long term care institutions are small-sized elderly care homes in Taiwan. However, due to the ambiguity of their profit-making status and the questionable quality of their care, social workers have kept a distance from this important practice arena and those who do work in these homes often have a group identity crisis. This paper explored how a group of social workers who dedicated themselves working in the small-sized elderly care homes struggled to find their group identity. Social identity theory was applied to analyze the 22 process recordings of group supervision from November, 2003 till February, 2006. Results showed that the process of developing social work group identity was synchronized with finding ways to provide personal care to the elderly residents. Besides, the role of system mediators was what made social workers most distinctive from other professionals in long term care. This study also presented possibilities for modification of social identity theory.
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