發展和應用二段式診斷工具來偵測國中一年級學生之遺傳學另有概念

Development and Application of a Two-Tier Diagnostics Instrument to Assess Seventh Grade Students' Alternative Conceptions of Genetics

楊坤原(Kun-Yuan Yang) ； 張賴妙理(Maio-Li Changlai)

《科學教育學刊》 12卷1期 (2004/03) Pp. 107-131

https://doi.org/10.6173/CJSE.2004.1201.05

摘要

本研究旨在發展和效化「遺傳學二段式診斷測驗」以診斷國一學生在學過國中生物之「生殖」與「遺傳」單元後所存有的另有概念。經以隨機抽取之桃園縣六所國中共1606名一年級學生爲樣本進行正式評測後得知，「遺傳學二段式診斷測驗」的平均難度爲0.45，鑑別度指數之平均值爲0.48，內部一致性信度(Cronbachα)值爲0.73。由診斷結果的分析發現，國一學生在經過教學後，仍對細胞（有絲）分裂的結果、減數分裂的過程與結果、基因控制性狀表現、顯性基因與隱性基因、同源染色體的定義與辨識、染色體、基因與DNA的關係、雙套染色體的定義與成因、後天改變的性狀之遺傳、性染色體及孟德爾遺傳定律等具另有概念。本研究所發展之診斷工具與研究結果可提供未來國中遺傳學概念之診斷、教學與課程設計的參考。

關鍵字

二段式診斷測驗 ； 國民中學 ； 遺傳學 ； 另有概念

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a two-tier diagnostic instrument-Two-Tier Diagnostic Test for Genetics (TTDTG) to find seventh graders' alternative conceptions of genetics. 1606 students were sampled randomly from six junior high schools in Taoyuan County and diagnosed using the TTDTG. Results showed that the average difficulty and average index of discrimination of the TTDTG were 0.45 and 0.48 respectively. The Cronbach alpha value for internal consistency was 0.73. Even though they had received instruction in biology classrooms, seventh-grade students still had alternative conceptions about the results of mitosis, the process and results of meiosis, genes and traits, dominance and recesseiveness, the definition and recognition of homologous chromosomes, the definition and formation of diploid chromosomes, acquired inherence, existence of sex chromosomes, relationships among genes, chromosomes, and DNA, and Mendel's laws of inheritance. Findings of this study suggested that the TTDTG could be used as diagnostic test for genetics and the identification of alternative genetic conceptions can be valuable resources for diagnosis, instruction and curriculum development of genetics.

並列關鍵字

Two-Tier Diagnostic Test ； Junior High School ； Genetics ； Alternative Conceptions

參考文獻

楊坤原、鄭湧涇(1997)。高一學生遺傳學解題表現與解題策略之研究。科學教育學刊。5(4)，529-555。

陳筱莉、林陳涌(2001)。學童眼中的科學專有名詞。科學教育學刊。9(3)，219-234。

Albaladejo, C.,Lucas, A. M.(1988).Pupil`s meanings for `mutation`.Journal of Biological Education.22(4),304-309.

Amir, R.,Frankl, D. R.,Tamir, P.(1987).Paper presented at the Second International Seminar: Misconceptions and educational strategies in science and mathematics.Ithaca, NY:

Ausubel, D. P.(1963).The psychology of meaningful verbal learning.New York:Grune and Stratton.