光反射與折射的另有概念診斷工具之發展與研究

The Development of a Diagnostic Instrument to Investigate Students' Alternative Conceptions of Reflection and Refraction of Light

陳均伊(Jun-Yi Chen) ； 張惠博(Huey-Por Chang) ； 郭重吉(Chorng-Jee Guo)

《科學教育學刊》 12卷3期 (2004/09) Pp. 311-340

https://doi.org/10.6173/CJSE.2004.1203.03

摘要

本研究旨在藉由發展光學「反射與折射概念學習」問卷，診斷國中學生對於光的反射與折射現象之另有概念，共涵蓋平面鏡成像與反射定律以及凸透鏡成像與折射定律等核心概念，診斷工具經專家審查修訂後，計有11道題目，並對80位國中學生施測後，再依學生作答所呈現的另有概念，從中選取15位學生進行晤談，並從平面鏡成像的大小、平面鏡成像的位置以及凸透鏡的成像性質等三個面向，探討國中學生對光的反射與折射現象普遍持有的另有概念。本研究亦發現影響學生形成另有概念的可能因素，包括：(一)國小階段的課程並未以提供學生完整與系統的概念爲主要目標；(二)日常生活的局部體驗；(三)字義、語詞的誤解與混淆；(四)不當的連結與推理，以既有的、不完全的概念解釋未知的現象。本研究結果將有助於教師瞭解國中學生對光的反射與折射之另有概念，並據以設計與規劃有助於發生概念改變的教學策略，俾協助學生達到有意義的學習。

關鍵字

另有概念 ； 光的反射 ； 光的折射

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to diagnose junior high school students' alternative conceptions of reflection and refraction of light. Eleven test items were categorized into four core concepts: image formed by a plane mirror, image formed by a convex lens, law of reflection, and law of refraction. This instrument was administered to eighty students (seventh and eighth graders) from two schools. After systematically analyzing the data gathered from the students' answers to the diagnostic survey, the researchers interviewed fifteen students selected according to the types of their alternative conceptions. It was found that students' alternative conceptions of reflection and refraction of light could be divided into three aspects: the size of image formed by a plane mirror, the location of image by a plane mirror, and the image formed by a convex lens. In addition, four possible factors associated with these students' alternative conceptions were found: (a) the inability of the primary level science curriculum to provide students with a systematic introduction to these concepts; (b) the misinterpretation of daily experience; (c) linguistic problems, such as misunderstanding of words or phrases; and (d) inappropriate connection and inference to a new context. The result of this study can assist science teachers to understand students' alternative conceptions of reflection and refraction of light. Science teachers can further select appropriate teaching strategies to cope with students' conceptions and help students to construct scientific conceptions.

並列關鍵字

Alternative Conceptions ； Reflection ； Refraction

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