- 期刊
數位X光影像在牙科學的臨床應用
Clinical Application of Digital Radiography in Dentistry
摘要
本文之目的乃是探討數位化X光影像在牙科學的應用。X光攝影結合影像處理技術，經由電腦數位化的處理之後，對牙周治療前、中、後齒槽骨質與量的變化、分析與診斷，具有革命性的重大意義。尤其，最近普遍被應用的數位化影像處理技術，例如數位化像差攝影術（digital subtraction radiography; DSR）及電腦化密度測量影像分析法（computer-assisted densitometric analysis; CADIA）就因為具有高敏感度的技術，而被廣泛地應用在評估及測量牙周硬度組織及植牙周圍骨質組織的變化。最近的許多研究也相繼證明，應用數位化影像處理技術的優越診斷效果，對齒槽骨在高度及密度微細變化的超高正確診斷率，是傳統的X光攝影術無法相提並論的。特別是DSR再加上色碼（color coding）的技術，非但可以標示人類肉眼無法分辨的牙齒與骨質破壞或修復的影像而且讓牙醫師輕易地了解骨質破壞或修復的部位、骨破壞區或修復區的質（quality）與量（quantity）及破壞形態（morphology），尤其是術後2~3個月即可觀察到骨質密度（bone density），這種特性絕對是傳統X光攝影術無法做到的。總之，數位化X光影像處理技術，對牙周及植牙之診斷、治療計畫，及結果評估的優越效果，更可能在基礎及臨床牙醫學的研究領域開拓無限的空間。
並列摘要
The aim of the present article was to review the clinical applications of digital radiography in dentistry. Radiography in connection with image processing technique is important means to analysis changes in the bone tissue following periodontal therapy. Recently, most popular techniques, such as digital subtraction radiography (DSR) and computer-assisted densitometric image analysis (CADIA) have been established as sensitive technique for the assessment of periodontal and peri-implant tissue changes. Studies investigating the diagnostic characteristics of DSR demonstrate that the detection subtle alveolar bone change in bone height and density is facilitated when compared to the conventional radiographic interpretation. More interesting is that color-converted subtraction images can be easily evaluated by clinical practitioner with higher inter-examiner and intra-examiner agreement rates compared to the gray-tone subtraction image. Furthermore, DSR is particularly valuable in an increase in bone density in the defect areas as early as 2 and 3 months post-surgically. In contrast, the bone density was not clearly visible in the conventional radiographs. In conclusion, DSR is widely employed to help dentists successfully confirmed the presence of periodontal defects, the progressive loss of alveolar bone, or remodeling after therapy.
延伸閱讀
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