台灣器官移植協調師角色之界定：德菲法調查研究

器官移植協調師是器官移植流程並協助病患照護的第一線人員。台灣的器官移植協調師長期以來缺乏明確的角色定義與核心工作範疇，加上學歷要求與考試認證也付之闕如，使得專業角色混亂。西元2011年，台灣爆發愛滋器官誤植事件，更突顯器官移植協調師模糊的角色定義與工作範疇。本研究遵循Bucher於西元1988年提出的自然演進架構（natural history framework）中新健康照護角色發展步驟，透過德菲法（Delphi survey design）研究設計，調查器官移植領域各層級專家意見，凝聚專家對器官移植協調師的角色定義、核心工作範疇，及角色背景期待的共識，藉此確立器官移植協調師的角色定義與核心工作範疇。研究結果顯示，81位器官移植各層級專家在器官移植協調師的角色定義、核心工作範疇，及角色背景期待上，有高度的一致性。本研究根據其共識，將台灣器官移植協調師的角色定義為「健康照護人員，負責器官捐贈者與受贈者資料的取得、確認、與統整建檔；協助醫療團隊提供器官捐贈家庭及受贈家庭之術前術後照護；協調院內移植團隊與其他科部問之移植業務，擔任院際移植器官的分配、轉運的聯絡人；辦理醫院及社區的器官捐贈宣導活動，並於其專業上積極自我成長」。本研究寄望籍由明確的工作範疇與其體的角色定義，引發後續對此角色的討論與嚴謹的研究，促進台灣器官移植協調師角色的永續發展。

關鍵字

器官移植協調師；角色定義；德菲法

並列摘要

Organ transplant coordinator is a front-line practitioner who facilitates patient care throughout all phases of transplantation. However, a lack of consensus on role definition, essential job functions, and licensure and education preparation of these important practitioners results in role confusion. In 2011, the HIV organs transplant tragedy highlighted the role confusion and a lack of job description of organ transplant coordinator in Taiwan. Based on Bucher's framework on the natural history of health care occupation, this study aimed to survey the viewpoints on role definition, essential job functions, and licensure and education preparation of organ transplant coordinator from field experts, using a Delphi survey design. The results show that the survey participants (N=81) have a high consensus on essential job functions and licensure and educational preparation of organ transplant coordinator. Based on the findings, we defined the role of organ transplant coordinators as ＂health care practitioners, responsible for obtaining, verifying, and completing necessary documentation for the transplant patients including donors and recipients; assisting multidisciplinary team members to provide care of the transplant patients and their family pre-transplant or post-transplant; coordinating transplantation process within and between hospitals including communication between physicians, patient/families, organ procurement organization, and the medical team involved; organizing educational activities about transplantation and organ donations for the hospital system and local community; and enhancing the professional competences through self-learning and growth＂. We hope by delineating the role of organ transplant coordinator in Taiwan, public discussion and rigorous research can be initiated leading to a pathway for its professional role development.

並列關鍵字

transplant coordinator ； role delineation ； Delphi survey

參考文獻

胡尹齡：台灣器官移植協調師角色定義與工作範疇。臺大醫學院護理系，碩士論文，2014，43頁。[Yin-Ling Hu: Role Delineation of Organ Transplant Coordinator in Taiwan: A Delphi Survey [Dissertation]. Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 2014. 43p]"

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North American Transplant Coordinators Organization: Professional development/core competencies. NATCO 2014. Available at: http://www.natco1.org/Professional-Development/competencies.asp (June 30, 2014)"

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台灣器官移植協調師角色之界定：德菲法調查研究

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