青少年自殺意念與自殺未遂之相關因子研究

Factors Associated with Suicide Ideations and Attempts in Adolescents

陳錦宏(Chin-Hung Chen) ； 陳億倖(Yi-Hsing Chen) ； 陳俊鶯(Chung-Ying Chen) ； 薛素霞(Su-Shia Shiu) ； 邵文娟(Wen-Chuan Shao) ； 王姿乃(Tsu-Nai Wang) ； 陳宏(Hong Chen) ； 陳快樂(Happy Kuy-Loh Tan)

《台灣精神醫學》 22卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 57-66

https://doi.org/10.29478/TJP.200803.0007

摘要

目的：探討南投地區青少年自殺意念及企圖的盛行率及相關因子。方法：以學校為基礎的橫斷型研究來做調查。在2005年4月至6月間，讓學生填寫自填式問卷：Columbia Suicide Screen Ⅱ-中文版，探索年紀、性別、地震之損害、家庭支持度、憂鬱、物質使用與自殺問題的相關性，資料分析以SPSS12.0作描述性及多變項迴歸分析。結果：南投縣共6所國中5491位學生完成問卷，男性佔52.5%，平均年紀為13.8(SD=0.8)歲，在12個月內，27.6%曾出現自殺意念而4.2%曾出現自殺嘗試，25.6%在921地震中有受損害，14.4%有憂鬱現象，2.2%有物質使用。自殺意念之相關因子為女性、差的家庭支持系統、地震損害、憂鬱及物質使用；自殺企圖之相關因子為女性、差的家庭支持系統、憂鬱、物質使用及自殺意念，其中自殺意念是相關性最強的因子，而地震損害並無相關。結論：此研究發現影響在校青少年之自殺相關議題的主要因素為性別、有無憂鬱、家庭支持度及物質使用問題等，此結果支持發展以校園為基礎之自殺與精神衛生篩檢及處遇計畫。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 自殺 ； 憂鬱 ； 地震壓力

並列摘要

Objective: The study was aimed to investigate the prevalence rate and the associated factors of suicide ideations and attempts among adolescents in the Nantou area of Taiwan. Methods: The study was a school-based cross-sectional survey. The students were assessed with a self-reported questionnaire, the Columbia Suicide Screen Ⅱ-Chinese version, between April and June, 2005. The associations between age, gender and damage caused by earthquake, family support, depression, substance use and suicide problems were examined. Data analyses were conducted by frequency description and multiple logistic regression by SPSS 12.0. Results: A middle school sample of 5, 491 students from six schools in the Nantou area completed the questionnaire. Males were accounted for 52.5%. The mean age of the students was 13.8 years (SD=0.8). The results showed that 27.6% reported having suicide ideation, 4.2% had attempted suicide during the preceding 12 months, 25.6% had endured damage caused by earthquake, 14.4% reported experiencing depression and 2.2% reported substance use. Factors associated with suicide ideations were being female, having poor family support, enduring damage due to earthquake, experiencing depression and substance use. Factors that were most associated with suicide attempts were being female, having poor family support, experiencing depression, substance use and suicide ideation. Damage due to earthquake was not related to suicide attempts. Conclusion: The study reveals that major factors related to suicide problems are being female, experiencing depression, substance use and having poor family support. The results highlight the necessity for developing school-based suicide and mental problem surveys, as well as intervention programs to prevent suicides among adolescents.

並列關鍵字

adolescent ； suicide ； depression ； earthquake related stresses

參考文獻

Anderson R(2002).Death: leading causes for 2000.National Vital Statistics Report.50(16)

Beautrais AL,Joyce PR,Mulder RT(1997).Precipitating factors and life events in serious suicide attempts among youths aged 13 through 24 years.J AmAcad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.36,1543-1551.

Berman AL,Schwartz RH(1990).Suicide attempts among adolescent drug users.Am J Dis Child.144,310-314.

Brent DA,Baugher M,Bridge J,Chen T,Chiappetta L(1999).Age-and sex-related risk factors for adolescent suicide.J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.38,1497-1505.

Brent DA,Perper JA,Moritz G(1993).Psychiatric risk factors for adolescent suicide: a case-control study.J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.32,521-529.