婦女二度就業之檢視與政策建議

A Theoretical Examination of Women's Returning to Work and Its Policy Implication

王麗容(Lih-Rong Wang)

《社會政策與社會工作學刊》 3卷2期 (1999/12) Pp. 181-226

https://doi.org/10.6785/SPSW.199912.0181

摘要

本論文在於建構影響婦女二度就業的影響因素並藉此發現提出婦女二度就業促進政策。本研究共面訪調查了505位台灣北部四縣市20-65歲的婦女，檢視未就業者再就業的影響因素，包括人力資本、生命週期、促進就業政策等相關理論之變項分析。
本研究發現影響婦女再就業的顯著人力資本因素為教育程度和過去工作經驗的有無，而生命週期因素對婦女二度就業之影響亦達統計上的顯著意義，包括小孩年齡、小孩有無等因素，此外，公共政策中的各種促進婦女就業政策與措施也是影響因素，包括兩性平等環境措施、協助家庭照顧責任措施，以及其他如職訓和就業輔導等協助就業措施，無論有無再就業的意願，婦女都非常不滿意，經檢定雖未達顯著差異，但顯示這些措施的不足對婦女再就業而官有負面影響。
最後，本研究提出了國家應發展的婦女二度就業政策，盼望政府從實務面和政策面積極協助婦女擁有二度就業的工作環境和性別正義的職場文化。

關鍵字

女性勞動參與 ； 婦女勞動政策 ； 婦女二度就業 ； 人力資本 ； 生命週期

並列摘要

This research is directed to examine the factors concerning women's returning to work. Three theoretical models were employed, including human capital theory, life course theory and facilitating employment policy model.
Totally 505 women aged between 20-65, from four counties in Northern part of Taiwan were interviewed through face-to-face survey. This study explores the human capital factors such as education, career experiences, and life-course related factors such as ages of children, and having and non-having kids are all significant variables. In addition, the employment facilitating factors such as gender equality policy, family support policy and other women's friendly policy come to play an influential role affecting women's decisions returning to labor market, although they didn't reach statistically significant level.
Finally, this study proposes a comprehensive employment policy for women's returning to work in. order to facilitate a gender-justice working environment in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

female labor force participation ； women's employment policy ； women's returning to work ； human capital ； life course

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