This paper uses demographic and employment data from the 1991-1997 Family Income and Expenditure Survey in Taiwan to analyze the effects of various demographic and economic factors on the use of child care and on the child care expenditures of single and married mothers with pre-school age children. The results indicate that the number and presence of children at particular ages and the family's economic characteristics have important effects on the probability of a family using and paying for child care. In addition, single mothers differ significantly from married mothers in terms of their use of and payment for child care, a finding which merits further research.