毛木耳子實體及蒂頭及其加工過程中真菌種類的差異

毛木耳（Auricularia polytricha）是重要的實用真菌，其蒂頭通常做為副資材的植物生長的肥料使用。目前在開發子實體及蒂頭的多醣萃取物素材時，必須保證無微生物汙染。因此在子實體及蒂頭的加工過程中，分析是否有感染人類的真菌種類存在，以避免造成食物中毒相關疾病。在不同加工過程取樣進行真菌分離，並定序PCR增幅ITS區域之DNA片段及以NCBI的BLAST軟體分析，鑑定出可能真菌種類在子實體為不規則毛黴菌（Mucor irregularis）、梭狀毛黴菌（Mucor fusiformis）、長枝木黴（Trichoderma longibrachiatum）等3種真菌，而蒂頭則為木黴（Hypocrea koningii）、膠紅酵母菌（Rhodotorula mucilaginosa）及含2基因型的輻毛鬼傘（Coprinellus radians）等6菌種真菌，顯示子實體與蒂頭的真菌種類不同，但皆有造成人類真菌性疾病的菌種，另有可做為植物病害生物防治的真菌。

關鍵字

毛木耳；真菌；子實體；蒂頭

並列摘要

Auricularia polytricha (jew's ear) is an important edible fungus in Taiwan. During the process, the stalk is generally used as side-materials being used as fertilizer for plant growth. Recently, we have developed the techniques to extract and purify the polysaccharides from the fruit body and stalk for raw materials to develop value-added products. However, to avoid food poison-related diseases, we determined the microbial contamination, especially the fungus, during the process. The fungal isolates were collected from the fruit body and the stalk. PCR amplification of the ITS region was performed and the PCR products were subjected to restriction endonuclease Sau3A to differentiate the PCR products. The purified PCR products were sequenced and compared with the databases of NCBI by BLAST program. Possible fungal species were identified as Mucor irregularis, Mucor fusiformis, and Trichoderma longibrachiatum from fruit body, and Hypocrea koningii, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and Coprinellus radians with two genotypes from the stalk. In conclusion, the fungal species differed between the fruit body and the stalk. Some fungi are human pathogens and few may be used as biocontrol for crop production.

並列關鍵字

Auricularia polytricha (jew's ear) ； Fungus ； Fruit body ； Stalk

國際替代計量

毛木耳子實體及蒂頭及其加工過程中真菌種類的差異

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