Sonographic Imaging of Hematoma: An Experimental Study in Rabbits

外傷或是運動傷害常倂有肌肉或是皮下組織血腫的形成。不同時期的血腫，在超音波上的表現並不相同。診斷用超音波不具放射性、較便宜、方便又可做動態性的檢查，所以適合於系列性的追蹤檢查骨骼肌肉系統病變。本研究的目的是藉由動物實驗來了解不同時期血腫於超音波上的表現，期望能提供臨床治療上更好的依據。本實驗利用的隻重約3公斤之紐西蘭白兔，抽取兔子耳朵的血液5ml，打入其大腿肌肉中，以形成肌肉內血腫，分別於第0、3、5、10、15、30、40及50天，以超音波（7.5MHz linear-array transducer，Enraf Physioscab 100，Amsterdm，Holland）檢查血腫。結果顯示新鮮的血腫為高回音腫塊，約3到5天時，血腫轉變為低回音，其回音隨著時間繼續降低，過程為漸進性的。但是，當有薄片板塊的血腫開始組織化（organization of a laminated clot）或是溶解的血塊有斷裂形成時（fragmentation of a hemolyzed clot），血腫超音波影像前度轉為高回音。血腫最後終會液化（liquefied）成為無回音區，而後慢慢吸收掉。過去有關血腫的超音波研究，較缺乏肌肉纖維內浸潤型（infiltration type）之血塊，本研究證實肌肉纖維內浸潤型血腫，其變化與身體其他部位之血腫相同。

關鍵字

迴音度；血腫；超音波

並列摘要

Subcutaneous or intramuscular hematomas frequently occur during trauma or sports injuries. Various complications can develop if the hematoma is managed improperly. Diagnostic sonography is conventionally used in the serial study of musculoskeletal disorders because it is an inexpensive, convenient, of no radiation, and real-time dynamic study. The aim of this study was to define the sonographic characteristics of the evolution of hematoma in rabbits. Five ml of autoblood was injected into the thigh muscle of the experimental group to create an intramuscular hematoma. Sonographic images of the hematomas were recorded sequentially on days 0, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 40, and 50. The images revealed that the fresh hematoma was an echogenic mass. Although it gradually diminished after 3 to 5 days, the echogenicity returned with the organization or fragmentation of the hematoma. The hematoma liquefied and was absorbed about 30 days later. Information from the sonographic pictures of the intramuscular hematomas may enable clinicians to manage hematomas and reduce the number of complications effectively.

並列關鍵字

echogenicity ； hematoma ； ultrasonography

國際替代計量

Sonographic Imaging of Hematoma: An Experimental Study in Rabbits

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