文化資產之價值評估－以台北市古蹟為例

Measuring the Value of Culture Property-An Example of the Ancient Remains in Taipei

陳凱俐(Kai-Lih Chen) ； 林亞立(Ya-Lih Lin)

《宜蘭技術學報》 9期 (2002/12) Pp. 131-146

https://doi.org/10.6179/nit.2002.09.22

摘要

文化資產之「公共財」屬性，使得評估其成本及效益複雜化，不能依賴市場價格機能。在此前提下，文化資產究竟應如何維護管理，方能達到社會淨效益的極大，便成為重要的課題，因此本研究針對台北市一、二、三級及國定古蹟39處評估其價值。本研究針對台北市古蹟對台北市居民進行調查訪問，為評估古蹟之使用價值及非使用價值（保存價值），分別採用旅遊成本法及條件評估法。以旅遊成本法就503份旅遊成本有效樣本估計之台北市古蹟使用價值為平均每人547元（補償變量）或524元（對等變量）。應用條件評估法，由全體626份樣本支付的迴歸結果顯示，得到之保存價值為平均每人595元，在α=5%下之信賴區間為（399元，892元）。本研究結果之意義為，台北市古蹟的保存價值為平均每人595元，如以台北市20歲以上人口1,990,143人計，扣除0.96%認為古蹟不應被保存者，其總效益為每年大約11億元。而60%以上認為全部古蹟皆應保存，不限於開放參觀者，亦不限於一、二、三級及國定古蹟，因此，值得相關單位每年投資11億元於台北市全部古蹟之保存；如以α=5%之信賴區間表示，則值得每年投資7.86億元至17.58億元。

關鍵字

使用價值 ； 旅遊成本法 ； 保存價值 ； 條件評估法

並列摘要

Along with its public-goods characteristics, the valuation of the cost and benefit of culture properties has become more complicated, and the commonly used market value function has become less reliable in this situation. Under this circumstance, the maintenance and management of the culture property to create its maximum net social benefit has become a critical topic. As an example, the value of 39 first, second, third, and national ancient remains in Taipei were valued in this research.In this study, the opinions and the willingness to pay on 39 Taipei ancient remains were surveyed. Travel cost method (TCM) and contingent valuation method (CVM) were applied to value the user and non-user value of the ancient remains, respectively.Based on the 503 TCM effective sample, the evaluated user value of Taipei ancient remains is NT$547 (compensation variation) or NT$524 (equivalent variation) per person per year. With the application of the CVM, the conservation value obtained by the survival regression analysis of the overall 626 questionnaires is NT$595 per person per year, and is (NT$399, NT$895) under 5% significant level.The implication of the result refers to a total benefit of NT$1100 million as the population of the residents with age above 20 (1990143), taking into account 0.96% of them indicate the unnecessarity of conservation. Over 60% of the interviewees performed their willingness on conserving all the ancient remains, no matter whether the remains opened to the public or not, and all classes of the remains. Therefore, the result indicates that it is worthy for the related governmental organization to invest NT$1100 million per year to conserve all the ancient remains in Taipei. If the 95% confidence interval is considered, the investment per year falls between NT$786 million and 1758 million.

並列關鍵字

User value ； Travel cost method ； Non-user value ； Contingent valuation method