利用振動式包埋式生物濾床處理揮發性有機物之去除機制研究

Study on the VOCs Control with EMMC Biofilter under Vibration

徐明藤(Ming-Teng Hsu) ； 徐兆慶(Chao-Ching Hsu) ； 熊智翔(Ji-Xang Hsiung) ； 張章堂(Chang-Tang Chang)

《宜蘭技術學報》 9期 (2002/12) Pp. 31-42

https://doi.org/10.6179/nit.2002.09.14

摘要

由於工業生產所排放逸散揮發性有機物及臭味物質，因易察覺而演變成國內公害糾紛是時有所聞，又因近年的經濟不景氣，遂使廠商處理廢氣更裹足不前，而政府也不得不重視與處理。就設備、操作成本、處理效果及衍生問題而言，以生物處理方式遠比傳統物理、化學方法（如洗滌法、吸附法、焚化法、臭氣氧化法）佳；在早期濾料是以固定材質為介質，但易造成系統操作與維護不便，以致發展成固定式濾料為主，利用可包埋優勢菌種為主要微生物，來增加系統去除效率，而本實驗目的則是加入振動預防生物膜累積處理，並觀察其處理之效益。本實驗所採用之生物濾床反應器，為一高36cm，內徑14.5cm的壓克力管柱，內部上方有一灑水器，自頂部往下算起13.5cm及26cm處各裝一壓克力篩板，並將包覆污泥的固定式濾料膠體填入其中，反應器外接紅外線分析儀，分析處理前後濃度，其操作條件參數包括污染物濃度（分別控制在200、300、400、500、600、700、800ppm下）、污染物種類（如甲苯、二甲苯）以及5種灑水量（液氣比為20、27、33、40、47L/m^3），並探討在各種操作條件（如污染物種類、濃度、用水量）與處理效率的關係。結果顯示，使用振動式生物濾床和控制一定灑水量，對濾料之吸著處理效率會隨進流之甲苯濃度增加而提升。另加裝振動比未加入振動處理效率更好，如用水量300cc/min（液長比為20L/m^3），800ppm時，加入振動之吸著效率為85％；而在尚未使用振動式生物濾床於同一條件下，吸著效率僅66％。且加入振動後濾料的吸著效率隨入流污染物的濃度增加而提升，而有助於生物處理效率。隨著加入振動與未振動以及控制用水量的增加，對甲苯與二甲苯吸著處理效率各有不同結果，如甲苯300ppm且液氣比為47L/m^3時，加入振動與未振動各測得吸著效率為95％與45％，於二甲苯700ppm且液氣比為47L/m^3，加入振動與未振動各測得吸著效率為45％與15％，可得知加入振動後甲苯與二甲苯之吸著效率都有提升趨勢。

關鍵字

包埋式生物濾料 ； 振動式生物濾床 ； 揮發性有機物 ； 吸著

並列摘要

The aim of this study is to use an improved entrapped mixed microbial cells (EMMC) biofilter for removal of Toluene or Xylene-containing waste gases. Generally, traditional control equipment, including incinerators, scrubbers, adsorbers, need high cost to treat odors and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Recently, the EMMC biofilter was established to control pollutants with low cost. However, the efficiency of biofilter is low for treatment of VOCs. In this study, the sludges from waste water and wine factory were packed into an EMMC reactor to degrade VOCs. Furthermore, the vibrator was used to regenerate the activity of biomass in EMMC. Several concentrations, ranged from 200 to 800 ppm, and liquid/gas ratios, ranged from 20 to 47 L/m^3, were examined to assess the performance of biofilter. The results showed that the treatment efficiency of biofilter with vibration was 10~30 % higher than that without vibration. The improved vibrational biofilter has good performance even under high concentration. The efficiency increases with an increase in liquid/gas ratios and inlet concentrations. For example, the efficiency of treating Toluene is only 40% under 600 ppm and 27 L/m^3. In contrast, the value is increased to 95% under 800 ppm and 47 L/m^3 . In this study, it is better to treat Toluene than Xylene. Additionally, the biofilter with waste water sludge EMMC has better performance than that with wine sludge EMMC.

並列關鍵字

Biofiltration ； Entrapped mixing microbial cell (EMMC) ； Vibration ； VOCs