增強式運動對骨骼肌纖維與骨密度的生理適應

The Physiological Adaptation of Skeletal Muscle Fiber and Bone Mineral Density to Plyometric Exercise

廖晏崧(Yan-Song Liao) ； 吳鴻文(Hong-Wen Wu) ； 王苓華(Lin-Hwa Wang)

《大專體育》 111期 (2010/12) Pp. 91-96

https://doi.org/10.6162/SRR.2010.111.13

摘要

增強式運動利用肌肉向心收縮前的快速離心收縮特性，來產生爆發力和強度，並著重於離心及轉變為向心收縮之速率。過去已有文獻討論其訓練成效與作用機制，本文針對增強式運動對於骨骼、肌肉肌腱組成、收縮機制、骨質密度與肌神經系統的適應現象進行探討。此項運動訓練方式對於增進跳躍、爆發力等運動型態有明顯的幫助，主要原因為肌肉肌腱之機械特性及收縮機制改變。增強式運動也有助於骨質密度的增加，尤其是在下肢股骨大轉子之骨密度有顯著的提升，且以青春期女性骨質密度增加最為顯著。觀察增強式運動對於骨骼肌肉系統之適應情形，有助於更清楚了解其訓練成效的機轉及運動表現之成因，藉以提升訓練效益。

關鍵字

爆發力 ； 剛性 ； 股骨大轉子

並列摘要

Plyometric exercise generates muscle power and strength from the quick muscle eccentric contraction prior to muscle concentric contraction. In previous studies, the training efficiency and mechanism have been discussed. These articles focus on the adaptation of muscle tendon components and properties, muscle contraction mechanism, bone density and neuromuscular system to plyometric training. This training can improve jumping performance due to the adaption of muscle tendon properties and contraction mechanism. It also contributes to the increase and strengthening of bone mineral density, especially on the femoral greater trochanter, and this increase is particularly significant in adolescent females. Observing the adaption of muscle skeletal system promotes the understanding of training mechanism and key factors to performance, and with this understanding, training efficiency can be improved.

並列關鍵字

power ； stiffness ； femoral greater trochanter

參考文獻

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