日據時期棒球運動與臺灣原住民

臺灣原住民的傳統身體活動，甚少學者著重探討日據時期體操教育、棒球運動對臺灣原住民的傳統身體活動及事後從事棒球運動取向的影響。在傳統臺灣原住民的身體活動，多與祭禮結合。而原住民的傳統教育，並無體操教育、棒球運動等身體活動的課程。臺灣原住民的教育重心，在政治、軍事項目中，身體活動著重於生活、生存技能訓練。教育內容並無系統的制定規劃的單位，以及執行課程內容目標的教育場所。臺灣原住民在接觸日據時期的初等學校教育後，才在國家體制政策規定下，實質的接觸到體操教育以及棒球運動。同時，達到日人同化臺灣原住民的目的。日據時期接觸體操、棒球不同於傳統身體活動的臺灣原住民而言，確實改變原住民身體活動的內涵。而運動逐漸傾向專業化、休閒化，在臺灣原住民的新思維上，棒球運動可以做為未來生存的職業選項。因此，探討日據時期體操教育時，同時分析棒球運動在臺灣原住民的發展過程，便於瞭解日據時期體操、棒球運動的植入對臺灣原住民傳統身體活動的相互關係。提出：對日據時期能高團，嘉農棒球隊的成就對後續臺灣原住民從事棒球運動的因果分析。

關鍵字

同化；身體活動；體操教育

並列摘要

Regarding the traditional physical activities undertaken by Taiwan indigenous people, few researchers have emphasized on the influence of gymnastic education and baseball on Taiwan aborigines in the Japanese Colonial Era. Traditionally, the physical activities undertaken by Taiwan indigenous people were mostly integrated with rituals; there were no courses on physical activities such as gymnastics or baseball. The focus of their education lies on political and military aspects. For physical activities, they emphasized on the trainings of life and survival skills. The contents of their education lack systemic organizing or planning units, neither did they provide educational sites for implementing the contents and goals of those courses. After the primary school education in the Japanese Colonial Era, Taiwan aborigines begun to be engaged in gymnastic education and baseball inforced by the stipulations of national systems and policies. Meanwhile, Japanese could fulfill the intention to assimilate Taiwan indigenous people. For Taiwan aborigines, the content of indigenous physical activities had been changed after contacting with gymnastic education and baseball. Furthermore, these sports have become professional and leisure-oriented. Taiwan aborigines have embraced the new thinking that baseball can be an occupational choice for their future career. Therefore, when exploring the gymnastic education in the Japanese Colonial Era, we analyzed the evolutionary processes of baseball related to Taiwan aborigines, so as to understand the correlation between the implementation of gymnastic education and baseball and the traditional physical activities. Also, the causal analyses had been undertaken to analyze the influence of the achievements made by NO KO and KA NO Baseball Teams on subsequent baseball activities undertaken by Taiwan aborigines.