啟動溝通、表達自我：運用創造性舞蹈提升身心障礙學生社交技巧

Communication and Self-Expression: Creative Dance to Improve Social Skills of Students with Disabilities

蕭亞男(Ya-Nan Hsiao)

《大專體育》 138期 (2016/09) Pp. 32-39

https://doi.org/10.6162/SRR.2016.138.03

摘要

創造性舞蹈因有「適合每一個人學習」的特性，常被運用在表演藝術課程中，以啟發心智與開發肢體，而能夠達到全人培育的功效。筆者在國中表演藝術教學實務經驗中，發現身心障礙學生在與同儕互動上，常發生與同儕互動溝通上面臨許多困難、無法同理他人等情況，而急需能增近社交技巧的活動與啟發。因此本文研究目的是針對創造性舞蹈與社交技巧之相關文獻進行蒐集，並分析創造性舞蹈的特性、創造性舞蹈對於人際溝通的啟發、與已運用創造性舞蹈運用於改善社交技巧之相關研究成果，企圖瞭解創造性舞蹈運用在國中身心障礙學生之可能影響與成效，以利未來進一步研究擬定實施創造性教學計畫。本文結果發現：創造性舞蹈課程能將社交技巧相關練習，巧妙融入在各種有趣的肢體活動中，且創造性舞蹈普及層面廣泛，適合身心障礙學生參與，除外，能提升心理層面正向作用，有利於社交情境中的人際溝通。由相關文獻可知創造性舞蹈與社交技巧兩者之結合，能有效幫助身心障礙者的肢體潛能和身體語彙開發，進而提升其社交技巧能力，並可供未來進一步研究設計教學之運用。

關鍵字

表演藝術 ； 全人培育 ； 心智 ； 肢體 ； 身體語彙

並列摘要

Creative dance offers an effective means of holistic education that is suitable for all students. Customarily found in the curriculum of performance art, it increases students' physical dexterity and can also inspire their minds and enhance their social skills. The author finds in her experience of teaching in junior high school that students with disabilities often encounter challenges when interacting with classmates, including a lack of empathy from others. These and other challenges can be addressed through creative dance. In this article the author collects related literature regarding social skills and creative dance, then analyzes those special features of creative dance that improve students' social skills and offer inspiration to connect with others. The goal is to understand the affordances and potential impact that creative dance instruction can provide to junior high students with disabilities, so as to plan future research to elaborate a teaching program. The results show that creative dance can be integrated into the curriculum of interesting physical activities that encourage students to practice social skills, and levels of instruction can vary widely to suit students with disabilities. In addition, creative dance can foster students' positive thinking and self-esteem, which can improve relationships in real social interaction. Therefore, the literature review establishes that instruction in creative dance offers students with disabilities practical and inspiring means of developing favorable synergies between their body language, self-expression and social skills. This article provides a reference for future curriculum design involving creative dance.

並列關鍵字

performance art ； holistic education ； mind ； limbs ； body languages

參考文獻

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Heiman, T.,Margalit, M.(1998).Loneliness, depression, and social skills among students with mild mental retardation in different educational settings.The Journal of Special Education.32(3),154-163.

Joyce, M.(1980).First steps in teaching creative dance to children.Mountain View, CA:Mayfield.

Joyce, M.(1994).First steps in teaching creative dance to children.Palo Alto, CA:Mayfield.