樂齡大學運動課程之設計原則

身體活動及運動對於老人的益處已經被醫學、流行病學等研究所認定，在高齡化時代各國無不重視高齡者的健康促進，隨著社會人口老化的趨勢來臨，教育部乃積極輔導各大學辦理樂齡大學，並規範運動性課程需占總課程的10～20%之原則，可見運動性課程有其重要之地位，因此本文目的在探討樂齡大學中運動課程之設計。透過文獻及網頁內容分析之方法蒐集相關文獻及資訊，以得到目前臺灣各樂齡大學所開設的運動相關課程內容，及近年西方研究中的高齡者運動課程趨勢。所得結語如下：一、目前臺灣各樂齡大學所開設的運動相關課程多以單一運動為主，對全面提升老人健康之效果恐受到相當之限制。二、參考美國運動醫學學會之高齡者運動指南，以及探討近年西方研究所規劃的高齡者運動課程趨勢，發現歐美大多以多元性或整合式的運動課程設計概念為基礎，課程中需進行運動知識的教導，並具運動的頻率、強度、形式與持續時間的概念。三、本文秉持多元性運動課程設計概念，再納入地區文化因素，提出樂齡大學運動課程之規劃原則，及以全身性動作為主的活動作為熱身之設計，並提供課程設計範例，以作為樂齡大學或其他單位辦理老人運動課程設計之參考。

關鍵字

老人；多元性運動課程；全身性動作

並列摘要

The benefits of physical activity and exercise for the elderly have been verified in the domains of medicine, epidemiology, and sports science. In this era of an aging population, promoting the health of that population segment is a key issue facing many developed countries. Taiwan's Ministry of Education is actively supervising the establishment of ＂Active Aging University＂ program, and calls for 10 ~ 20% of the total courses to be composed of exercise or fitness programs. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the design of an exercise program for ＂Active Aging Universities.＂ In this paper, we use literature review and website content analysis methods to collect relevant results and related information to get the current exercise-related programs of ＂Active Aging Universities＂ in Taiwan and the exercise programs for the elderly in line with global trends. After a review of relevant literature, this paper concludes as follows: (1) Current exercise-related programs are offered as single exercises, which may limit the effectiveness of efforts to enhance the health of the elderly in Taiwan. (2) Following the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guideline and global trends, multi-component or all-in-one exercise programs for the elderly are becoming more and more popular. Fitness program instructors need to emphasize the concepts of exercise frequency, intensity, type and time. (3) We suggest the adoption of design principles that promote multi-component or all-in-one exercise programs designed to incorporate regional and cultural factors into the ＂Active Aging University＂ exercise programs. In addition, full-body motion based activity is suggested as a warm-up for the programs, and several examples of program designs are provided for ＂Active Aging Universities＂ or other institutions.

並列關鍵字

elderly ； multi-component exercise program ； full-body motion

參考文獻

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