軍事校院學生需求困擾、因應策略與軍事社會化關係探析：以陸、海、空軍官學校為例

A Study of the Relationships among Cadets' Need-problems, Coping Styles and the Socialization at Military Institutes

張聖德(Sheng-Te Chang)

《應用心理研究》 35期 (2007/09) Pp. 211-250

摘要

本研究旨在探討軍校學生「需求困擾」、「因應策略」和「軍事社會化」之關係。研究採問卷調查法，以陸、海、空軍軍官學校正期班一至四年級全體男性學生802名為研究對象；以自編「軍校學生需求困擾量表」、「軍校生因應策略量表」和錢淑芬(1996)「軍校學生軍事社會化量表」為研究工具；經統計分析，發現(1)新生組在「安全需求困擾」、「歸屬與愛需求困擾」、「尊重需求困擾」、「需求困擾」總分平均數顯著高於老生組；(2)新生組在使用「問題焦點因應策略」上顯著多於老生組；(3)老生組之「軍事社會化」程度顯著高於新生組；(4)使用「情緒焦點因應策略」之「需求困擾總分」平均數顯著高於使用「問題焦點因應策略」之「需求困擾總分」平均數；(5)整體軍校學生「軍事社會化」總分與「需求困擾」總分達顯著正相關(r=.182)；(6)「軍事社會化」程度越深，越使用「情緒焦點因應策略」。由於軍校學生「需求困擾」、「因應策略」與「軍事社會化」是被忽略的課題，作者呼籲學界予以重視。

關鍵字

軍校學生 ； 需求困擾 ； 因應策略 ； 軍事社會化

並列摘要

The study examined the relationships among cadets' need-problems, coping styles and the socialization at military institutes. ”Cadets Need-problems Scale”、”Cadets Coping Style Scale” developed by Sheng-Te Chang (2003) and the third ”Cadets' Socialization at Military Institutes Scale” developed by Shu-Fen Chien (1996) were used in this study, 1182 cades were asked to answer. Statistical results indicated, those were 1.the first group's need-problem score was significantly higher than others; 2.different groups were significantly different in using ”positive coping style” than ”negative coping style”; 3.using ”negative coping style” got significantly higher score in ”need-problem” than ”positive coping style”; 4.using ”negative coping style” got significantly higher score in ”Cadets' Socialization at Military Institutes Scale” than ”positive coping style”; and 5.the relationship between cadets' need-problem and military socialization was shown to significantly positive (r=.182). Since the relationship under education, psychology, counseling has been a neglected topic, the author appeals for more attention to it.

並列關鍵字

cadet ； need-problems ； coping styles ； military socialization

參考文獻

Lazarus, R. S.(1966).Psychological stress and coping process.New York:McGraw-Hill Book Company.

Volker, C. F.(2000).Duty, honor, country: The social identity of West Point Cadets.Armed Forces & Society.26(2),175-202.

Winslow, D.(1998).Misplaced loyalties: The role of military culture in the breakdown of discipline in the peace operation.The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology.35(3),345-367.

于紹樂(2003)。西點軍校精英訓練課程。台北市:海鴿文化。

比瑟姆鄭樂平譯(1987)。科層制。台北:桂冠。