注意力缺陷過動疾患研究回顧

Review of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Research in Taiwan

黃惠玲(Huey-Ling Huang)

《應用心理研究》 40期 (2008/12) Pp. 197-219

摘要

注意力缺陷過動疾患（Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder，簡稱ADHD）的核心特徵，包括注意力不足、過動與衝動等(American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000)。本文回顧在台灣的ADHD相關研究，使用了五種中文與英文資料庫，搜尋2007年6月以前的實徵性研究論文為本論文材料。中文資料庫包括中央圖書館遠距圖書系統的中文期刊影像索引系統，華藝數位公司的思博網中文電子期刊服務，國家圖書館的全國博碩士論文資訊網等。英文資料庫方面，使用了醫學Medline資料庫，以及心理學PsycInfo資料庫。另外，思博網中文電子期刊服務與Medline與PsycInfo有提供台灣以外的華人地區（主要為中國）ADHD相關研究，本論文也納入與台灣地區的相關研究做比較。 本文回顧文獻的結果，顯示盛行率寬廣，共病與伴隨的問題種類多，涉及的基因種類多但又無定論，行為特徵與相關因素多，評估量表種類多且信效度佳，但是標準化的測驗工具區辨效度不佳，治療方法多種且有療效。整體的研究結果說明在台灣地區ADHD仍然是一個異質性高的群體，還需進一步研究探討。最後，本文討論未來的研究方向，以神經發展觀點，ADHD早期介入落實，可以降低ADHD異質性現象。

關鍵字

注意力缺陷過動症 ； ADHD ； 腦神經發展

並列摘要

The clinical picture of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Five databases were searched for empirical research on ADHD in Taiwan, including the National Central Library National Digit Library in Taiwan, Electronic Theses and Dissertations System in Taiwan, Chinese Electronic Periodical Services (CEPS), Medline, and PsycInfo. Moreover, some empirical research participants on ADHD were Chinese (mainly, China) in CEPS, Medline, PsychInfo, and these were also discussed for comparison.
A review of the literature showed: (1) the range of prevalence was too wide, (2) the types of comorbidities and accompanying problems were too many, (3) many genes were related to ADHD, but most were of uncertain value, (4) many rating scales were reliable and validated, but the discriminality of standardized tests for ADHD were unfair, and (5) there were too many treatments, although all treatments were effective. All of these results show ADHD as heterogeneous such that researching ADHD in Taiwan was increasingly difficult. Finally, future avenues of research is discussed as well as how the heterogeneity of ADHD can be reduced from a neurodevelopmental perspective. All contents of the research will be very different.

並列關鍵字

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD ； neurodevelopment

參考文獻

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