人學生印象深刻的接觸死亡或感覺接近死亡經驗及其意義之探討

A Study on College Students' Profound Impressions with Death Experience or the Feeling of Near Death Experience and Its Meaning

陳錫琦(Si-Chi Chen)

《健康促進暨衛生教育雜誌》 24期 (2004/12) Pp. 15-40

摘要

本研究以某大學182位學生做為研究對象，調查個人印象深刻的接觸他人死亡，或感覺到自己或他人接近死亡的經驗及其意義，以紮根理論研究法來分析資料。結果顯示，經驗發生的時間是分佈在學齡前至大學間；其中接觸死亡經驗者79.1%, 感覺接近死亡經驗者20.9%；經驗發生的當時，心理有顯著感受者有97.8%，以難過等較為普遍；有形於外的顯著反應者 89.6%，以哭最為普遍；經驗發生後，主動向人談到自己的感受者有54.9%, 62.1%表示有人主動與其談到該事件；85.2%的研究對象表示該事件對自己當時有正面的顯著影響，如領悟生命等；表示有負面的顯著影響者有75.7%，如害怕某事等。形成印象深刻的死亡經驗之關鍵因素是經驗意義（顯著影響力）。經驗意義與經驗事件原因、社會支持及悲傷反應有關。悲傷反應與社會支持、經驗類別、親密程度、性別、家庭地位認同、裝堅強、悲傷反應速度及當事人狀況等有關。社會支持與個性、隱藏悲傷、支持者談話能力及環境有關。

關鍵字

心理健康 ； 生命教育 ； 接觸死亡經驗 ； 死亡教育 ； 感覺接近死亡經驗

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to understand what profound impressions with some other persons' death or the feeling of one's own or another person's near death experiences of college students and its meaning. The subjects were 182 college students. The grounded theory method was used to analyze the data. The results revealed that these experiences occurred from the period of preschool to college.79.1% of the subjects had the death experience and 20.9% had the feeling of near death experience. There were 97.8% subjects were affected significantly at the time of the experiences occurred and the general reactions were miserable, there were 89.6% subjects showed remarkable reactions in their appearance and the general reaction was cry, there were 54.9% subjects talked actively to someone about their feeling after the experience and there were 62.1% subjects expressed that someone talked to them actively after the experience. There were 85.2% subjects got positive notable influence from the experience, such as to grasp life etc., and 75.7% subjects got negative marked influence from the experience, such as to dread of something etc.. The meaning of experience is the key predictor for the shaping of the profound impression of the death experience. The cause of event, social support and grief reaction could predict the meaning of experience. Grief reaction relate with social support, experience category, intimate, sex, family status identification, dressing rigid, grief reaction rate, condition of the person involved. Social support could be predicted by personality, hiding grief, supporter's talking ability and conditions.

並列關鍵字

mental health ； life education ； death experience ； death education ； the feeling of near death experience