台北市北投區幼稚園及托兒所膳食供應之營養現況分析

The Nutritional Analysis of Dietary Supplying of Kindergarten in Beitou Taipei

侯金杏(Chin-Hsin Hou) ； 徐光華(Amy K. H. Hsu) ； 林世忠(Shih-Chung Lin) ； 張仙平(Frances C. Ma)

《健康促進暨衛生教育雜誌》 24期 (2004/12) Pp. 95-110

摘要

適當的營養在幼兒生長過程中扮演極重要角色，而幼兒期是飲食習慣養成的重要時期。研究目的：探討幼稚園膳食供應之營養現況。研究方法：收集北投區12家幼稚園所各一週的菜單進行營養成份分析，針對單日總熱量（一午餐加二點心）、午餐熱量、二點心熱量、蛋白質、脂質、醣類、膳食纖維、鈣質與精製糖等供應量進行統計並與國人膳食營養素參考攝取量(Dietary Reference Intakes, DRIs)做比較。研究結果：幼稚園所平均總熱量供應663.7±181.1kcal、蛋白質27.8±8.49、脂質21.3±8.69和醣類92.2±27.39。以台北市政府教育局之幼稚園餐點食譜為建議做比較，幼稚園有38.6%(22天)總熱量供應不足；而正餐與點心的熱量分配中，66.7%(38天)的正餐熱量供應不足，但64.9%(37天)點心的熱量供應過量；三大營養素分配發現，蛋白質供應過量者達47.3%(27天),24.6%(14天)醣類供應不足；膳食纖維的供應56.1%(32天)可達衛生署建議所需；而鈣質有77.2%(44天)供應不足，精製糖則21.1%(12天)供應過量。綜合以上結果得知，幼稚園的正餐與點心熱量及三大營養素分配不均，鈣質普遍供應不足。

關鍵字

幼兒 ； 幼稚園 ； 校園餐食 ； 點心 ； 營養供應

並列摘要

Appropriate nutrition supply plays a vital role in the growth of children. Besides, children from their eating habits between two and five years of age, when many children are sent to kindergarten. Thus, we collect and analyze the 57 menus of twelve kindergartens in Beitou District of Taipei City, to know the current state of nutrition supply in kindergarten. Each menu is composed of a lunch meal and two snacks-one in the morning and the other in the afternoon. The meals and the snacks are provided on the weekdays. We analyze the meals for the ingredients and their quantity, including protein, lipid, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, calcium and simple sugar. Furthermore, we compile the information of the total energy and individual energy, provided by one meal and two snacks. Then we compare the data with the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI5), recommended as a criterion of everyday food intake by the Ministry of Education (MOE). The results show that the average of the total energy per day is 663.37±181.13 kcal, containing 27.78±8.44grams of protein, 21.34±8.61 grams of fat, and 92.19±27.28 grams of carbohydrate. Meanwhile, 38.6% of 57 menus fail to meet the standard of daily energy intake: 66.7% of the lunch meals don't provide enough energy, while 64.9% of the snacks have excess energy. 47.3% of the menus supply too much protein, and 24.6% don't include sufficient carbohydrate. In addition, only 56.1% achieve the recommended dietary fiber intake, 77.2% lacking in calcium, and 21.1% supplying too much simple sugar. Based on the above findings, our conclusion is the distribution of the calories provided in meals and in snacks is unbalanced, and so is the distribution of protein, lipid and carbohydrate. Calcium intake is usually poorly-supplied.

並列關鍵字

children ； kindergarten ； nutritional supply ； school meal ； snacks