台北市高職學生身體意象與運動行為之研究

Body Images and Exercise Behavior of Vocational School Students in Taipei

伍連女(Lien-Nu Wu) ； 黃淑貞(Sheu-Jen Huang)

《學校衛生》 35期 (1999/12) Pp. 1-31

https://doi.org/10.30026/CJSH.199912.0001

摘要

本研究以87學年度第一學期就讀台北市高職學校之日間部男女學生為對象，探討身體意象與運動行為及其關係。以兩階段分層集束隨機抽樣抽出6所學校18班學生，採團體自填問卷，計有效問卷636份。資料以t-test、複迴歸等統計方法進行分析。研究結果發現，66%的研究對象實際BMI值在正常範圍，惟男女生皆期望較實際為瘦的體型，尤其女生期望較正常偏瘦的體型。男生對外表、體能、健康的評價及身體各部分滿意度均高於女生；女生比男生關注外表和體重，較不重視體能和健康。男生比女生關注體能和健康。三種強度的運動以每週二次最常見；男生在激烈運動的頻率及三種強度的運動時問皆顯著高於女生；男生平均每次運動30~39分鐘，女生少於20分鐘最常見。而自覺體能愈好及愈重視體能者，運動行為的表現愈好。由性別上的比較得知，男女之運動行為有不同的影響因素存在。建議應重視個別化而非性別化的教育策略，以避免男女生身體意象刻板化的迷思，進而增強青少年的運動行為。

關鍵字

身體意象 ； 運動行為 ； 高職學生

並列摘要

The present study sought to examine whether attitudes towards the body were related to involvement in physical activity for adolescents. A sample of 636 tenth to twelfth grade students were randomly sampled from 6 of the 31 vocational schools in Taipei through two-stage stratified cluster random sampling. The students completed a self-administered questionnaire that examined exercise behaviors and body image as measured by the revised Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. The results indicated that: (1) Males evaluated themselves more positively on appearance, fitness, health, and specific body attributes satisfaction than did females; females are more concerned with appearance and weight than did males.(2) Most males and females engaged in a twice-a-week exercise frequency, engaging in light-to-rigorous intensity physical activities. Males reported a significantly higher exercise intensity and duration than females. Males usually exercised 30~39 minutes per exercise session. Females usually exercised less than 20 mm per exercise session. (3)Multiple regression analysis revealed that the model explained 13.2% and 20% of the variance in physical education class and leisure- time exercise behavior. The study indicated that there were different determinants of exercise behavior for the different genders.
Implications from the study include helping adolescents establish correct and healthy concepts of body image and encouraging females to exercise more. Recommendations for further study should expand the research direction and reach more diverse group so as to generate more information and projects of intervention for exercise behavior and body image.

並列關鍵字

body image ； exercise behavior ； vocational school students