苦瓜花粉貯藏溫度、期間與授粉方式對著果之影響

Effect of Pollen Storage and Pollination on Fruit Set of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charabita L.)

張正桓(Cheng-Huang Chang) ； 宋妤(Yu Sung)

《植物種苗》 8卷4期 (2006/12) Pp. 17-30

https://doi.org/10.30077/SN.200612.0002

摘要

苦瓜花粉為短壽命花粉，於-70℃及-20℃下儲藏14天與新鮮花粉比較，發芽率從90%下降至50~70%，於4℃已下降至40%以下，顯示超低溫儲藏可有效維持花粉活力。花粉活力及授粉量對苦瓜的著果及生長影響不顯著，只要有一定的授粉量及有活力的花粉能在柱頭及花柱上發芽生長、受精，種子數達到20粒左右，皆能刺激苦瓜果實正常發育，採用花對花授粉、毛筆授粉及液體授粉等三種方法，結果顯示液體授粉使三品種苦瓜著果率降低，果實生長與結實情形也不良。

關鍵字

苦瓜 ； 花粉貯藏 ； 花粉發芽 ； 授粉 ； 果實

並列摘要

This longevity of bitter gourd pollen was short. After stored 14 days at -70℃ and -20℃, the germination percentage was still maintained 60% compare to the fresh pollen. As a result, pollen viability and pollen amount seemed no influence fruit set and fruit growth of bitter gourd. The seed number achieved about 20 grains could promote bitter gourd fruit normal growth. The liquid pollination method reduced fruit set, fruit growth and the seed number of three varieties bitter gourd compared to flower to flower or brush method.

並列關鍵字

bitter gourd ； pollen storage ； pollen germination ； pollination ； fruit